12-029 fitzgerald lake conservationForm 3
_"�''•� DEQE File No. 246�-
!�_
Commonwealth \, (To be provided by DEQE)
1 ; of Massachusetts Cit /Town Northampton
y
N' Ham
Applicant pton Conservat Com -
/? f� •d�fr�n Notice of Intent mission
Under the
Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act, C.L. c. 131, §40
and
Application for a Department of the Army Permit
Part I: General Information
1. Location: Street Address Fitzgerald Lake Con Area, North Farms Road
Lot Number Parcel 29, Map 12
2. Project: Type Maintenance Description Maintenance of Fitzgerald Lake dam and
trail ne twork . Work could include temporarily lowering the water level �n
the lake, cutting brush, building drainage in the dam spillway, maintaining
walking trails.
3. Registry: County H amp s hire Current Boo 195 & Page 261
Certificate (If Registered Land) N/A
4. Applicant Northampton Conservation Commission Tel (413)586 -695
Address
Planning Dept., City Hall 210 Main St.,Northamp MA
, ,
5. Property Owner
Address
(Same)
Tel.
6. Representative ( Same) Tel
Address
7. Have the Conservation Commission and the DEQE Regional Office each been sent, by certified mail or
hand delivery, 2 copies of completed Notice of Intent, with supporting plans and documents?
Yes ® No ❑
3 -1
Effective 11 /1 /87
8. Have all obtainable permits, variances and approvals required by local by -law been obtained?
Yes No. "❑ none required
i
Obtained: Applied For: Not Applied F
Building Permit
F
9. Is any portion of the site subject to a Wetlands Restriction Order pursuant to G.L. c. 131, §40A or G.L.
c. 130, §105? Yes ❑ No [
10. List all plans and supporting documents submitted with this Notice of Intent.
Identifying
Number /Letter Title, Date
A LOCUS/ U.S.G.S. MAP
B SOILS MAP
C FITZGERALD LAKE 1" = 200'
D FITZGERALD LAKE EMBANKMENT PROFILE
NARRATIVE OF WORK PROPOSED
11 Check those resource areas within which work is proposed:
(a) ER Buffer Zone
(b) Inland:
12 Bank
Land Subject to Flooding,
12 Bordering Vegetated Wetland"
❑ Bordering
12 Land Under Water Body & Waterway"
❑ Isolated
(c) Coastal:
❑ Land Under the Ocean'
❑ Designated Port Area'
❑ Coastal Beach'
❑ Coastal Dune
❑ Barrier Beach
❑ Coastal Bank
❑ Rocky Intertidal Shore"
❑ Salt Marsh"
❑ Land Under Salt Pond"
❑ Land Containing Shellfish"
❑ Fish Run'
' Likely to involve U.S. Army Corps of Engineers concurrent jurisdiction. See General Instructions for
Completing Notice of Intent.
3 -2
12. Is the wetland resource area to be altered by the proposed work located on the most recent
Estimated Habitat Map (if any) of rare, "state- listed" vertebrate and invertebrate animal species
occurrences provided to the conservation commission by the Natural Heritage and Endangered
Species Program?
YES [ ] NO [ X ] Date printed on the Estimated Habitat Map issued
NO MAP AVAILABLE [ ] (if any)
If yes, have you completed an Appendix A and a Notice of Intent and filed them, along with
supporting documentation with the Natural Heritage and Endangered Species Program by
certified mail or hand delivery, so that the Program shall have received Appendix A prior to the
filing of this Notice of Intent?
YES [ ] NO [ ]
3 -3
Part 11: Site Description
Indicate which of the following information has been provided (on a plan, in narrative description or calcula-
tions) to clearly, completely and accurately describe existing site conditions.
Identifying
Number /Letter
(of plan, narrative
or calculations)
Natural Features:
B Soils
C Vegetation
A & C Topography
A & C
A & C Open water bodies (including ponds and lakes)
N/A
Flowing water bodies (including streams and rivers) N/A Public and private surface water and ground water supplies on or within 100 feet of site C Maximum annual ground water elevations with dates and location of test
Boundaries of resource areas checked under Part I, item 11 above
Other
Man -made Features:
C & D
C Structures (such as buildings, piers, towers and headwalls)
Drainage and flood control facilities at the site and immediately off the site, including
culverts and open channels (with inverts), dams and dikes
Subsurface sewage disposal systems
—N/ Underground utilities
C Roadways and parking areas
— C Property boundaries, easements and rights -of -way
Other
Part III: Work Description
Indicate which of the following information has been provided (on a plan, in narrative description or calcula-
tions) to clearly, completely and accurately describe work proposed within each of the resource areas
checked in Part I, item 1 1 above.
Identifying
Number /Letter
(of plan, narrative
or calculations)
Planview and Cross Section of:
D & narrative Structures (such as buildings, , towers and headwalls
g piers, towe )
D & narrative
Drainage and flood control facilities, including culverts and open channels (with inverts)
dams and dikes ,
N/A Subsurface sewage disposal systems & underground utilities
_ N Filling, dredging and excavating, indicating volume and composition of material
N/A Compensatory storage areas, where required in accordance with Part III, Section 10:57
(4) of the regulations
N/A Wildlife habitat restoration or replication areas
Other
Point Source Discharge
N/A Description of characteristics of discharge from point source (both closed and open
channel), when point of discharge falls within resource area checked under Part I, item
1 1 above, as supported by standard engineering calculations, data and plans, including
but not limited to the following:
3 -4
�i'
1 . Delineation of the drainage area contributing to the point of discharge;
2. Pre- and post - development peak run -off from the drainage area, at the point of discharge, for at least the
10 -year and 100 -year frequency storm;
3. Pre- and post - development rate of infiltration contributing to the resource area checked under Part I, item
11 above;
4. Estimated water quality characteristics of pre- and post - development run -off at the point of discharge.
Part IV: Mitigating Measures
1. Clearly, completely and accurately describe, with reference to supporting plans and calculations where
necessary:
(a) All measures and designs proposed to meet the performance standards set forth under each re-
source area specified in Part II or Part III of the regulations; or
(b) why the presumptions set forth under each resource area specified in Part II or Part III of the regula-
tions do not apply.
❑ Coastal Resource Area Type:
Fk Inland BANK
All work to dam and trails is to protect resource areas
that would be damaged by failed dam and eroding trails.
Any lowering of water level will occur in late winter or
early spring or other period of high water when wildlife
is least stressed. Trailwork will occur only when trails
are dry.
Identifying number or letter
Of support documents
Narrative,.
C
I
i
❑ Coastal Resource Area Type:
IR Inland BORDERING VEGETATED WETLANDS I Identifying number or letter I
Of support documents
-See bank mitigation.
Vegetation removed from dam will be kept out of
vetated wetland to the extent possible. Protecting dam
is designed to protect wetland.
Narrative
C
3 -5
❑ Coastal Resource Area Type:
M Inland LAND UNDER WATERBODY
Identifying number or letter
of support documents
- See bank mitigation
Narrative
Water will be lowered when waterlevels are high to
0
minimize impact on waterbody. There is always some
risk that the valve could freeze open, but this is
the least risky alternative.
2. Clearly, completely and accurately describe, with reference to supporting plans and calculations where
necessary:
(a) all measures and designs to regulate work within the Buffer Zone so as to ensure that said work
does not alter an area specified in Part 1, Section 10.02(1) (a) of these regulations; or
(b) if work in the Buffer Zone will alter such an area, all measures and designs proposed to meet the
performance standards established for the adjacent resource area specified in Part 11 or
Part III of these regulations.
❑ Coastal Resource Area Type Bordered By 100•Foot Discretionary Zone:
lk Inland
Identifying number or letter
of support documents
See above. Any work done on dam spillway with machinery
Narrative
will use hay bales to prevent soil from eroding off dam.
IS
3 -6
Part V: Additional Information for a Department of the Army Permit
1. COE Application No. 2.
(to be provided by COE) (Name of waterway)
3. Names and addresses of property owners adjoining your property:
4. Document other project alternatives (i.e., other locations and /or construction methods, particularly those
that would eliminate the discharge of dredged or fill material into waters or wetlands).
5. 8' /2 " x 11 " drawings in planview and cross - section, showing the resource area and the proposed activ-
ity within the resource area. Drawings must be to scale and should be clear enough for photocopying.
Certification is required from the Division of Water Pollution Control before the Federal permit can be
issued. Certification may be obtained by contacting the Division of Water Pollutlon Control,1 Winter Street,
Boston, Massachusetts 02108.
Where the activity will take place within the area under the Massachusetts approved Coastal Zone
Management Program, the applicant certifies that his proposed activity complies with and will be conducted
in a manner that is consistent with the approved program.
Information provided will be used in evaluating the application for a permit and is made a matter of public
record through issuance of a public notice. Disclosure of this information is voluntary, however, if necessary
information is not provided, the application cannot be processed nor can a permit be issued.
I hereby certify under the pains and penalties of perjury that the foregoing Notice of Intent and accompanying
plans, documents and supporting data are true and complete, to the best of my knowledge.
David Gen
Signature of Applicant -- Chairperson, Cons do C ission V Date / ( prepared by Wayne Feid P
Signature of Applicant's Representative - Date
FORM "Exception to ENC Form 4345 approved by HQUSACE, 8 May 1982 ".
14 ED 100 (TEST)
1 MAY 82 "This document contains a joint Department of the Army and State of Maanchusetb application
for a permit to obtain permission to perform activities in United States waters. The Office
of Management and Budget (OMB) has approved those questions required by the US Army Corps
of Engineers. OMB Number 0702 -0038 and expiration date of 30 September 1983 appiles ". This
statement will be get in 8 point type.
3 -7
City of Northampton, Massachusetts
Office of Planning and Development
City Hall • 210 Main Street
Northampton, MA 01060 • (413) 586 -6950
• Community and Economic Development
• Conservation• Historic Preservation
• Planning Board. Zoning Board of Appeals
NOTICE OF INTENT - - NARRATIVE
FITZGERALD LAKE CONSERVATION AREA -- MAINTENANCE PLAN
This Notice of Intent is for a proposed maintenance plan to
allow the Conservation Commission to maintain the existing dam and
the walking trail network. It is proposed that the Order of
Conditions and the final Certificate of Compliance allow these
activities as on -going maintenance activities and the Conservation
Commission not be required to file a new Notice of Intent each time
described maintenance activities are performed.
The purpose of this maintenance plan is to protect the
existing resources and maintain the conservation use of Fitzgerald
Lake Conservation Area. Without proper maintenance of the dam, the
dam will be lost and with it Fitzgerald Lake and associated
bordering vegetated wetlands. Without proper maintenance of the
trails network, erosion of trails will continue and increased
sedimentation into Fitzgerald Lake and the bordering vegetated
wetlands will occur.
Order of Conditions 246 -149 allowed for normal maintenance of
the access roadway on the property but did not address any other
maintenance needs.
Trail Network
The proposed work for the walking trail network (see trail
location on Plan C) is to allow routine trail maintenance to
prevent erosion of trails and widening of trails as people walk
around mud spots. Trails are all intended for foot traffic only.
Proposed work will be done as needed on an on -going basis, so it
is not possible to map the exact location of ever improvement.
This work consists of:
1) Small bridge over wet areas: These will be used over very wet
sections of trail. Small bridges will reduce the number of people
who walk around wet spots, which widens the trail and increases
erosion.
2) Waterbars diverting water off the trail: These will include
log, rock, and ditched waterbars to remove water running along the
trail. Removing water will increase trail erosion and because the
water will be dispersed leaving the trail and move at a lower
velocity than on the trail, off trail erosion will also be
minimized.
3) Hand ditched drainage along and across the trail: Wet spots
on the trail may sometimes be ditched, possible log or rock lined,
so that water can move across the trail rather than pooling in the
trail.
4) Trail relocations: Trails may be relocated away from the
wettest sections to avoid damage to the resource and the trail.
5) New Trails: New trails may be constructed to encourage people
to move upland and to provide an alternative to bushwacking. Plan
C shows the possible location of new trails.
6) Canoe Launch: The existing canoe launch has partially silted
in, although it is still deep enough that there is no emergent
vegetation. This small area may be dug deeper, using hand tools
with the soil removed carried away from wetland, and /or a small
bridge might be built to allow canoes to be launched.
Fitzgerald Lake Dam
All work on the dam is intended to maintain the dam and
protect its integrity. If the dam is not maintained it will
eventually by lost, and the lake and associated wetlands will be
lost. Proposed maintenance work on the dam is based on
recommendations of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil
Conservation Service. Most of these recommendations come from the
"Dam Safety Inspection -- Fitzgerald Lake, Northampton,
Massachusetts" prepared by Dennis A. Verdi, PE, Civil Engineer for
the Soil Conservation Service dated April 1983:
1) Cut brush and trees growing on the embankment slopes,
emergency spillway, and embankment drain outlets.
2) Fill in wheel ruts on top of embankment and in the emergency
spillway and reseed.
3) Fill in gully below emergency spillway and reseed.
4) Install subsurface drainage in wet areas of emergency spillway
to maintain a better vegetative cover.
5) Coat the exposed metal on the riser trash rack and interior
and exterior of the principal spillway pipe with an asphaltic
compound. This will require that the water level in the lake be
lowered slightly.
6) Reconstruct the walkway out to the gate control for draining
the pond, or install a new gate with the stem at an angle so that
the gate control is accessible from the riser and embankment. This
will require that the water level in the lake be lowered.
7) Periodically operate and lubricate the gate for draining the
pond.
8) Install rodent guards on the embankment drain outlets.
9) Remove debris from the pool area.
10) Correct the major erosion problems and fill in gullies along
the access road to the dam. This will provide a better access road
for maintenance vehicles.
11) If needed to support grass, fertilizer and lime may be spread
on the embankment slopes. Lime will be spread at the rate of
approximately 2 -3 lbs /acre. Fertilizer will be used very sparingly
and only if needed. Before any application of fertilizer, the soil
shall be tested by U. Mass Extension service and fertilizer will
be spread at concentrations no greater than those recommended by
the Extension Service and no greater than 20 lbs /acre of Nitrogen
(using 10- 10 -10, this is 200 lbs fertilizer /acre).
12) Brush will be cut on embankment and kept there or moved to
bottom of embankment. Brush will either rot in place, be moved to
the woods, burned, or chipped and spread along the downstream side
of the dam.
Conditions 5, 6, and 7 will require that the water level in
the dam be lowered slightly. The greatest environmental risk from
this project is that in lowering the water level the value will
freeze open and the lake will drain. The value will only be opened
upon advice of the dam safety inspectors at the Soil Conservation
Service, or Department of Environmental Management, or a
Professional Engineer.
If the proposed maintenance work is not performed, the damage
to the dam that is currently occurring will continue and the dam
will either collapse or the gate will need to be permanently opened
because of the safety hazard of an unsafe dam full of water.
To minimize potential damage from lowering the lake levels,
the water level will only be lowered during periods of high inflow.
This is the period of least stress to wildlife and fisheries and
the period during which the water levels would rise the most
quickly once the value is again closed.
All work on the dam will be done on the man -made structure and
not in natural resource area, except for possibly stockpiling brush
at the base of the dam. Because of limited or no legal road access
to the site, if it is not possible to bring a chipper to the site
the brush will not be able to be moved.
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Soil survey i Hampshire County, Massachusetts, Central Part
er
Ap -0 to 7 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)
fine sandy loam; weak fine and medium granular
structure; friable; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.
B21 -7 to 18 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) fine
sandy loam; weak fine and medium subangular
blocky structure; friable; strongly acid; clear smooth
boundary.
B22 -18 to 24 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) fine
sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky
structure; friable; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
63 -24 to 32 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) fine
sandy loam; many fine and medium distinct dark
brown (7.5YR 4/4), yellowish brown (10YR 5/4),
and gray (5Y 5 /1) mottles; massive; friable; strongly
acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
IIC -32 to 60 inches; thinly stratified dark gray (5Y 4/1),
gray (5Y 5/1), light gray (5Y 6/1), and dark yellowish
brown (10YR 4/4) very fine sand and silt; many
medium and coarse distinct yellowish brown (10YR
5/6), strong brown (7.5YR 5/8), dark brown (7.5YR
4/4), and light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) mottles;
massive; firm; slightly acid.
The solum is 22 to 38 inches thick and corresponds to
the depth to the silty material. The depth to low - chroma
mottles is more than 24 inches. The content of coarse
fragments in the solum ranges from 0 to 10 percent, and
there are no coarse fragments in the substratum.
Reaction in the solum is very strongly acid or strongly
acid in unlimed areas and ranges from strongly acid to
neutral in the IIC horizon.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR and value and
chroma of 2 to 4. It is fine sandy loam or sandy loam.
The B21 horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4
or 5, and chroma of 4 to 8. The B22 and B3 horizons
have hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma
of 2 to 6. The B horizon is fine sandy loam or sandy
loam.
The IIC horizon has hue of 2.5YR to 5Y, value of 4 to
6, and chroma of 1 to 4. It is very fine sandy loam, silt
loam, very fine sand, or silt and is typically stratified.
Belgrade series 50 s;. / -2 L rciO�
The Belgrade series consists of deep, moderately well
drained soils on glaciolacustrine terraces. The soils
formed in water- or wind- deposited material with a high
content of silt and very fine sand. They are underlain at
a depth of more than 40 inches by glacial outwash
material. Slopes range from 0 to 8 percent.
In many places Belgrade soils are near Raynham and
Boxford soils. Belgrade soils are browner and less
mottled in the upper part of the subsoil than Raynham
soils. Belgrade soils have less clay than Boxford soils.
Typical pedon of Belgrade silt loam, 0 to 3 percent
slopes, in a cultivated field about 250 feet south of the
junction of Meadow Street and Comins Road, in the
town of Amherst:
Ap -0 to 10 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR
silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; WE
fine and medium granular structure; friable; sligh
acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
B21 -10 to 15 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) very fii
sandy loam; weak fine and medium subangular
blocky structure; friable; few medium distinct dar
yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) stains; slightly acid;
clear smooth boundary.
B22 -15 to 22 inches; olive (5Y 5/3) and olive browr
(2.5Y 4/4) very fine sandy loam; common mediw
faint pale olive (5Y 6/3) mottles and few fine dist
yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) mottles; weak coarse
and medium subangular blocky structure; friable;
slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.
B23 -22 to 30 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) very fine
sandy loam grading to light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4
loamy very fine sand; many medium and coarse f
dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) mottles; weak
medium and coarse subangular blocky structure;
friable; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.
C1 -30 to 35 inches; stratified olive gray (5Y 5/2) and
light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) very fine sandy loam;
many fine faint olive gray (5Y 4/2) and dark gray
4/1) mottles and common fine and medium distinc
yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) and strong brown
(7.5YR 5/8) mottles; massive; friable; slightly acid;
abrupt smooth boundary.
C2 -35 to 51 inches; stratified olive (5Y 4/3), olive
brown (2.5Y 4/4), and light olive gray (5Y 6/2) ven
fine sandy loam and lenses of silt loam; common
fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) mottles;
massive; friable; slightly acid; abrupt smooth
boundary.
IIC-51 to 60 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4)
stratified loamy fine sand and fine sand; single grail
loose; many black (10YR 211) mica flakes; neutral.
The solum is 20 to 34 inches thick. Reaction ranges
from strongly acid to neutral in the solum and from
medium acid to neutral in the substratum.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and
chroma of 2 or 3. It is silt loam or very fine sandy loam.
The B21 horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4
or 5, and chroma of 4 to 6. The B22 and B23 horizons
have hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of
2 to 4. The lower part of the B horizon is mottled. The B
horizon is silt loam or very fine sandy loam with some
thin strata of loamy very fine sand.
The C horizon mainly is stratified very fine sandy loam,
loamy fine sand, fine sand, and silt loam. Some pedons
have thin layers of silty clay loam.
Boxford series
The Boxford series consists of deep, moderately well
drained soils on old lakebeds. The soils formed in
glaciolacustrine deposits. Slopes range from 0 to 15
percent.
63
Boxford soils are similar to Scitico soils and are mainly
near Belgrade and Raynham soils. Boxford soils have
mottles lower in the profile than Scitico and Raynham
soils and have more clay than Belgrade soils.
Typical pedon of Boxford silt loam, 0 to 3 percent
slopes, in a cultivated field 100 feet west of North Maple
Street, 1,000 feet north of its junction with Russell Street,
in the town of Hadley:
Ap -0 to 8 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)
silt loam; moderate fine granular structure; friable;
many fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth
boundary.
61 -8 to 14 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam;
moderate medium subangular blocky structure;
friable; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
B21 -14 to 21 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) silty clay
loam; moderate medium subangular blocky
structure; friable; gray (5Y 5/1) silt films; medium
acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
B22 -21 to 33 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) silty clay;
common medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6)
mottles and few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR
5/6) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky
structure; firm; common gray (10YR 5/1) silt films;
medium acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
C1 -33 to 37 inches: olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) silty clay;
few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles;
weak coarse and very coarse platy structure; firm;
gray (10YR 5/1) films; medium acid; abrupt smooth
boundary.
C2 -37 to 60 inches; varved olive (5Y 4/3) silt and clay;
weak coarse and very coarse platy structure; firm;
medium acid.
The solum is 24 to 36 inches thick. Reaction ranges
from strongly acid to slightly acid throughout the soil.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR and value and chroma
of2or3.
The B2 horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to
5, and chroma of 3 to 6. The depth to mottling ranges
from 15 to 24 inches. The B2 horizon is silty clay loam or
silty clay.
The C horizon has hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 or 5,
and chroma of 3 or 4. It consists of varved silt and clay
with an overall texture of silty clay loam or silty clay.
C
Charlton series Ch a 1 ow
The Charlton series consists of deep, well drained
soils on glaciated uplands. The soils formed in glacial till.
Slopes range from 3 to 45 percent.
Charlton soils are similar to Narragansett soils and in
many places are near Paxton, Woodbridge, and Hollis
soils. Charlton soils do not have the very fine sandy
loam typical in the upper part of the solum of
Narragansett soils and do not have the fragipan typical
of Paxton and Woodbridge soils. Charlton soils are
I
64
deeper to bedrock than Hollis soils and do not have
mottles typical of Woodbridge soils.
Typical pedon of Charlton fine sandy loam, in a
wooded area of Charlton stony fine sandy loam, 3 to 8
percent slopes, 2,500 feet northwest of the intersection
of Kennedy Road and Chesterfield Road, in the city of
Northampton:
Ap -0 to 7 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) fine sandy
loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable;
many roots; 10 percent coarse fragments; strongly
acid; clear smooth boundary.
B21 -7 to 13 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) fine
sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky
structure; friable; many roots; 10 percent coarse
fragments; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
B22 -13 to 22 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4)
gravelly fine sandy loam; weak medium subangular
blocky structure; friable; many roots; 30 percent
coarse fragments; strongly acid; gradual smooth
boundary.
C -22 to 60 inches: olive (5Y 4/3) gravelly sandy loam;
massive; firm; 30 percent coarse fragments; mediun
acid.
The solum is 20 to 34 inches thick. The content of
rock fragments ranges from 5 to 35 percent. Reaction
ranges from very strongly acid to medium acid in unlime4
areas.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and
chroma of 2 to 4. It is fine sandy loam or sandy loam.
The B21 horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR and value
and chroma of 4 to 6. The B22 horizon has hue of 10YR
to 5Y and value and chroma of 4 to 6. The B horizon is
fine sandy loam, loam, or sandy loam and their gravelly
analogs. It has weak granular or subangular blocky
structure.
The C horizon has hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 to 6,
and chroma of 2 to 4. It is fine sandy loam or sandy
loam and their gravelly analogs. Thin, horizontally
discontinuous layers or pockets of loamy sand 1 to 6
inches thick are in some pedons.
Deerfield series
The Deerfield series consists of deep, moderately well
drained soils on glacial outwash plains and terraces. The
soils formed in sandy glacial outwash. Slopes range from
0 to 8 percent.
Deerfield soils are similar to Windsor soils and in many
places are near Ninigret and Agawam soils. Deerfield
soils have mottles, but Windsor and Agawam soils are
not mottled. Deerfield soils have more sand in the solum
than Ninigret or Agawam soils.
Typical pedon of Deerfield loamy fine sand, 0 to 5
percent slopes, in a cultivated field 600 feet west of
Route 116 and 2,200 feet north of its intersection with
Sunderland Road, in the town of Amherst:
Hampshire County, Massachusetts, Central Part
The solum is 20 to 40 inches thick. Reaction ranges
from very strongly acid to slightly acid in unlimed areas.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to
5, and chroma of 2 to 4.
The B horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y and value and
chroma of 3 to 6. Low - chroma mottles are at a depth of
less than 24 inches.
The IIC horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to
6, and chroma of 1 to 4. It ranges mainly from loamy fine
sand to sand. Thin strata of sandy loam, silt loam, or
gravel are in some pedons.
Raynham series <t S , - 7
The Raynham series consists of deep, poorly drained
soils on old lakebeds. The soils formed in
glaciolacustrine deposits. Slopes range from 0 to 3
percent.
Raynham soils are similar to Belgrade soils and in
many places are near Boxford soils. Raynham soils have
grayer colors than those soils and have less clay than
Boxford soils.
Typical pedon of Raynham silt loam, 0 to 3 percent
slopes, in a cultivated field 3,200 feet northwest of the
center of the village of North Amherst, in the town of
Amherst:
Ap -0 to 10 inches; very dark brown (10YR 212) silt
loam; moderate fine and medium granular structure;
friable; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
B21 -10 to 16 inches; dark brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam;
few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and
grayish brown (10YR 5/2) mottles; weak coarse
subangular blocky structure; friable; strongly acid;
clear smooth boundary.
B22g -16 to 30 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) very
fine sandy loam; few to common fine and medium
faint light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) mottles and few
fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) mottles;
weak medium and coarse subangular blocky
structure; friable; strongly acid; abrupt smooth
boundary.
C1 g -30 to 34 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt
loam; many medium prominent yellowish brown
(10YR 5/4) mottles; massive; friable; medium acid;
clear smooth boundary.
C2g -34 to 37 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) very fine
sandy loam; few medium prominent brown (7.5YR
5/4) mottles; massive; friable; medium acid; clear
smooth boundary.
C3g -37 to 60 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) stratified loamy fine
sand, silt, and fine sandy loam; few medium
prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles and
few medium distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4)
mottles; massive; friable; medium acid.
The solum is 18 to 36 inches thick. Reaction in
unlimed areas ranges from strongly acid to neutral in the
73
solum and from medium acid to neutral in the
substratum.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 2 to
4, and chroma of 1 to 3. It is silt loam or very fine sandy
loam.
The B horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 6,
and chroma of 1 to 4. It is silt loam or very fine sandy
loam.
The C horizon has hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 to 6,
and chroma of 1 or 2. It is stratified silt, silt loam, very
fine sandy loam, loamy fine sand, and very fine sand.
Ridgebury series
The Ridgebury series consists of deep, poorly drained
and somewhat poorly drained soils on glaciated uplands.
The soils formed in glacial till. Slopes range from 0 to 8
percent.
Ridgebury soils are similar to Whitman soils and in
many places are near Woodbridge and Scituate soils.
Ridgebury soils have a thinner, lighter colored surface
layer than Whitman soils and are grayer in the upper part
of the subsoil than Woodbridge or Scituate soils.
Typical pedon of Ridgebury fine sandy loam, in a
wooded area of Ridgebury very stony fine sandy loam, 3
to 8 percent slopes, 150 feet north of Crooked Ledge
Road and 3,200 feet east of its junction with Delisle
Road, in the town of Southampton:
01 -4 inches to 1 inch; litter of leaves and twigs.
02 -1 inch to 0; reddish black (2.5YR 211) well
decomposed and partially decomposed leaves and
twigs.
Al -0 to 2 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) fine sandy
loam; weak medium granular structure; very friable;
many fine to coarse roots; 15 percent coarse
fragments; very strongly acid; clear smooth
boundary.
B21 -2 to 7 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) fine
sandy loam; few fine faint yellowish brown (10YR
5/4) mottles; weak fine and medium subangular
blocky structure; very friable; many fine to coarse
roots; 15 percent coarse fragments; very strongly
acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
B22g -7 to 15 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) sandy loam;
common medium distinct light yellowish brown (2.5Y
6/4) mottles; weak medium and coarse subangular
blocky structure; friable; many fine to coarse roots;
15 percent coarse fragments; strongly acid; abrupt
smooth boundary.
Cx -15 to 60 inches; olive (5Y 5/3) fine sandy loam;
many medium prominent reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8),
yellowish red (5YR 5/6), and grayish brown (2.5Y
5/2) mottles; massive; firm; 15 percent coarse
fragments; strongly acid.
Depth to the fragipan ranges from 10 to 25 inches.
The content of coarse fragments ranges from 5 to 35
Hampshire County, Massachusetts, Central Part
75
Scarboro soils are similar to Walpole soils and in many
places are near Merrimac and Sudbury soils. Scarboro
soils are grayer than Walpole, Merrimac, or Sudbury
soils.
Typical pedon of Scarboro muck, in a wooded area
500 feet west of Hatfield Road and 2,800 feet north of
its junction with Straits Road, in the town of Hatfield:
02 -5 inches to 0; black (10YR 211) muck; weak fine
granular structure; friable; many fine and medium
roots; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
All -0 to 3 inches; black (10YR 211) fine sandy loam;
weak fine granular structure; friable; common fine
roots; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
Al2 -3 to 8 inches; black (10YR 211) loamy sand;
weak fine granular structure; friable; common fine roots;
very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
C19 -8 to 14 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) loamy sand; few fine
distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and brownish
yellow (10YR 6 /6)mottles; single grain; loose; few
medium and fine roots; very strongly acid; gradual
smooth boundary.
C2g -14 to 60 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) loamy sand; single
grain; loose; few fine roots in upper part; very
strongly acid.
Reaction is very strongly acid or strongly acid.
The Al horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2
or 3, and chroma of 0 to 2.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 6,
and chroma of 0 to 3. The amount of mottles ranges
from none to many. The horizon is loamy fine sand, fine
sand, loamy sand, sand, or their gravelly analogs.
Scitico series Sc
L C70A,,
The Scitico series consists of deep, poorly drained
soils on outwash plains and old lakebeds. The soils
formed in glaciolacustrine deposits. Slopes range from 0
to 3 percent.
Scitico soils are similar to Maybid soils and in many
Places are near Boxford and Raynham soils. Scitico soils
do not have the thick, dark surface layer typical of
Maybid soils and are grayer in the upper part of the
subsoil than Boxford soils. Scitico soils contain more
clay than Raynham soils.
Typical pedon of Scitico silt loam, in a cultivated field
175 feet north of Station Road and 250 feet east of Hop
Brook, in the town of Amherst:
Ap-0 to 10 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt loam;
few fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) mottles;
weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable;
few medium roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth
boundary.
132 -10 to 22 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) silt loam;
common medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8)
and reddish yellow (5YR 6/8) mottles; weak fine
subangular blocky structure; friable; slightly acid;
abrupt smooth boundary.
C1 -22 to 36 inches; varved grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2)
silt and clay; combined texture of silty clay loam;
common medium prominent brownish yellow (10YR
6/8) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) mottles;
massive, firm; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
C2 -36 to 60 inches; varved dark grayish brown (2.5Y
4/2) silt and clay; combined texture of silty clay; few
medium prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) and
strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) mottles; firm; neutral;
abrupt smooth boundary.
The solum is 20 to 30 inches thick. Reaction ranges
from medium acid to neutral.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 2 to 5,
and chroma of 1 or 2. It has granular or subangular
blocky structure.
The B horizon has hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 to 6,
and chroma of 1 or 2 and is mottled. It is silt loam or
silty clay loam. It has subangular blocky or platy
structure and is friable or firm.
The C horizon is neutral or has hue of 2.5Y or 5Y,
value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 0 to 2. It is silty clay
loam, silty clay, or clay. In some pedons it does not have
mottles.
Scituate series
The Scituate series consists of deep, moderately well
drained soils on glaciated uplands. The soils formed in
glacial till. Slopes range from 3 to 15 percent.
Scituate soils are similar to Montauk soils and in many
places are near Whitman and Ridgebury soils. Scituate
soils have mottles, which Montauk soils do not have,
and are browner than Ridgebury or Whitman soils.
Typical pedon of Scituate fine sandy loam, in a
wooded area of Scituate very stony fine sandy loam, 3 to
8 percent slopes, 100 feet north of Crooked Ledge Road
and 5,700 feet east of its junction with Delisle Road, in
the town of Southampton:
01 -3 inches to 1 inch; litter of leaves and twigs.
02 -1 inch to 0; black (5YR 211) well decomposed and
partially decomposed leaves and twigs.
A1-0 to 4 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) fine sandy
loam; weak medium granular structure; very friable;
many very fine and fine roots; 10 percent gravel, 5
percent cobblestones; extremely acid; clear wavy
boundary.
B21 -4 to 13 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) fine
sandy loam; weak medium granular structure; very
friable; common fine and medium roots; 10 percent
gravel, 5 percent cobblestones; very strongly acid;
clear wavy boundary.
B22 -13 to 17 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) •
sandy loam; weak medium granular structure; friable;
common medium and fine roots, few coarse roots;
I