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Aldrich Street 22.pdf Follow Massachusetts Historical Commission Survey Manual instructions for completing this form. FORM B − BUILDING MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION MASSACHUSETTS ARCHIVES BUILDING 220MORRISSEY BOULEVARD BOSTON,MASSACHUSETTS 02125 Photograph Topographic or Assessor's Map Recorded by: Bonnie Parsons Organization: PVPC Date (month /year): March, 2010 Assessor’s Number USGS Quad Area(s) Form Number 24D-181 Easthampton NTH.336 Town: Northampton Place: (neighborhood or village) Address: 22 Aldrich Street Historic Name: James and Ellen Powers House Uses: Present: single-family residence Original: single-family residence Date of Construction: 1894-1895 Source: Northampton street directories Style/Form: Queen Anne Architect/Builder: James Powers, builder Exterior Material: Foundation: brick Wall/Trim: clapboard Roof: slate Outbuildings/Secondary Structures: Major Alterations (with dates): Windows replaced ca. 2000 Condition: good Moved: no | x | yes | | Date Acreage: 0.104 acres Setting: This house is on a relatively narrow street with closely place buildings, all shaded by mature trees. INVENTORY FORMB CONTINUATION SHEET [NORTHAMPTON] [22 ALDRICH STREET] MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION Area(s) Form No. 220MORRISSEY BOULEVARD, BOSTON,MASSACHUSETTS 02125 Continuation sheet 1 NTH.331 __x_ Recommended for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. If checked, you must attach a completed National Register Criteria Statement form. Use as much space as necessary to complete the following entries, allowing text to flow onto additional continuation sheets. ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION: Describe architectural features. Evaluate the characteristics of this building in terms of other buildings within the community. This is a relatively unornamented Queen Anne style house and is nearly identical to its neighbor at 26 Aldrich Street although the latter is in masonry. It is two-and-a-half stories in height under a pyramidal hipped roof with transverse gable bays on both the principal east façade and the south elevation for a complex plan. The clapboard-sided house has a stacked porch in the angle created by the east bay. The porch on the first floor is two bays wide and has a stacked section at the second floor level that is one bay wide. The porch rests on posts with capitals below thin impost blocks and has a simple square baluster railing. There is a two-and-a-half story ell on the rear with a one-story side porch under a shed roof that is supported on posts. Eaves of the roof make returns and beneath the returns in the transverse gable bay are scrolled brackets. HISTORICAL NARRATIVE Discuss the history of the building. Explain its associations with local (or state) history. Include uses of the building, and the role(s) the owners/occupants played within the community. From the 1980 form, “In 1892 Avon C. Matthews, a prominent Northampton building contractor filed a subdivision plan for Aldrich Street. Two years later he sold “lot no. 3” to James Powers, a mason and builder. Mr. Powers probably built the house himself. He is listed as living here in the 1895-1896 directory. “ By 1910 Oliver and Elmira Vanasse occupied the house with their six children, five of whom worked in a hosiery mill as joiners and knitters. Oliver and Elmira and all but the last of their children were French Canadian immigrants, and Oliver worked as a silk mill dyer in Florence. By 1920 Elmira had died and Oliver lived here with two of his adult daughters Rose and Olympe. Rose had stopped working and Olympe had become a hair dresser. BIBLIOGRAPHY and/or REFERENCES Walker, George H. and Company. Atlas of Northampton City, Massachusetts, Boston,1884. Miller, D. L. Atlas of the City of Northampton and Town of Easthampton, Hampshire County, Massachusetts, Philadelphia, 1895. Registry of Deeds: Book 465, Page 144; Book 453, Page 49. Northampton Directory, 1895-1896. INVENTORY FORMB CONTINUATION SHEET [NORTHAMPTON] [22 ALDRICH STREET] MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION Area(s) Form No. 220MORRISSEY BOULEVARD, BOSTON,MASSACHUSETTS 02125 Continuation sheet 2 NTH.331 National Register of Historic Places Criteria Statement Form Check all that apply: Individually eligible Eligible only in an historic district Contributing to a potential historic district Potential historic district Criteria: A B C D Criteria Considerations: A B C D E F G Statement of Significance by _____Bonnie Parsons___________________ The criteria that are checked in the above sections must be justified here. The Powers House contributes to a potential historic district on Aldrich and Myrtle Streets, an area that was laid out for residential development between 1870 and 1900 when Northampton’s population was expanding to fill the growing manufacturing, commercial, and institutional enterprises that drew people to the city during those decades. It is significant to Northampton as it incorporates the work of speculative Northampton builders such as Avon Matthews and James Powers whose well-constructed houses are representative of the high level of construction that took place in Northampton to serve the developing middle class. The potential historic district is significant architecturally for the mix of late Gothic Revival, Italianate, and Queen Anne style houses that were set in alignment on the newly laid out urban streets. They are significant for the manner in which they were builder-designed in patterns similar in plan and elevation but differentiated in materials and architectural details to create neighborhoods that are picturesque in the fashion prescribed by the architectural trends of the fourth quarter of the 19th century. Follow Massachusetts Historical Commission Survey Manual instructions for completing this form. FORM B − BUILDING MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION MASSACHUSETTS ARCHIVES BUILDING 220MORRISSEY BOULEVARD BOSTON,MASSACHUSETTS 02125 Photograph Topographic or Assessor's Map Recorded by: Bonnie Parsons Organization: PVPC Date (month /year): January, 2010 Assessor’s Number USGS Quad Area(s) Form Number 31A-270-001 Easthampton NTH.575 Town: Northampton Place: (neighborhood or village) Address: 31 Dryads Green Historic Name: Michael and Katherine Dunphy House Uses: Present: single-family residence Original: single-family residence Date of Construction: ca. 1909 Source: Northampton street directories Style/Form: Colonial Revival Architect/Builder: Exterior Material: Foundation: brick Wall/Trim: clapboards, shingles Roof: asphalt shingles Outbuildings/Secondary Structures: Major Alterations (with dates): Condition: good Moved: no | x | yes | | Date Acreage: 0.235 acres Setting: This north-facing house is on a deeply shaded street in a row of similarly dated houses, set back from the street in alignment, and on ample lots. The Mill River passes to its south. INVENTORY FORMB CONTINUATION SHEET [NORTHAMPTON] [31 Dryads Green ] MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION Area(s) Form No. 220MORRISSEY BOULEVARD, BOSTON,MASSACHUSETTS 02125 Continuation sheet 1 NTH.575 _x__ Recommended for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. If checked, you must attach a completed National Register Criteria Statement form. Use as much space as necessary to complete the following entries, allowing text to flow onto additional continuation sheets. ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION: Describe architectural features. Evaluate the characteristics of this building in terms of other buildings within the community. This house is a fine example of Northampton’s Colonial Revival style residential architecture. It is two-and-a-half stories in height beneath a front-gabled roof that makes full returns on the north façade. It is three bays wide and three bays deep for a square plan. The house rests on brick foundations, has clapboards on the first floor, and shingles on the second floor and at attic level. A one-story porch wraps around north and east elevations, supported on pairs of fluted, ¾ length posts that in turn rest on a brick porch wall. The porch has a pedimented entry. The north façade is three bays wide with a side entrance, single 4/1 sash and a large fixed light window with a stained glass transom above it. At the second floor this bay is occupied by a shallow, three-sided bay window. In the north gable pediment is a very unusual, three-sided bay window that bows inward rather than outward. It is framed by a trabeated surround and its opening is supported by corner pilasters and two slender square posts. The east elevation of the house has a hipped, through-eaves dormer. The entry door to the house is vertically paneled below an Art Nouveau leaded glass panel. HISTORICAL NARRATIVE Discuss the history of the building. Explain its associations with local (or state) history. Include uses of the building, and the role(s) the owners/occupants played within the community. From about 1850 Northampton’s most expensive neighborhood was at the east end of the Center comprised of Pomeroy Terrace, King Street, and Philips Place. This is a neighborhood of Gothic Revival and Italianate style homes of considerable elegance. Elm Street became more rural the further west and north one traveled on it until the end of the 19th century. In 1889 two brothers-in-law, John Sullivan and J. C. Hammond, bought farmland on the south side of Elm Street owned by Daniel Clark and laid out Forbes Avenue. In 1890 the land that had been Clark’s cow pasture was then laid out by Sullivan and Hammond as Dryads Green, while a third developer Charles Crouch laid out Kensington Avenue. Sullivan and Hammond put in sewers, built the streets with curbing and concrete sidewalks, lined the streets with trees and divided up the land into house lots. Development of Harrison Avenue followed and turned the north and east side of Elm Street into the most expensive area in Northampton. Homes on Kensington Avenue and Dryads Green in 1895 1895 ranged between $5,000 and $20,000. Dryads Green, which in large part, ran parallel to the Mill River became a sought-after street for the green that was located there, planted and maintained by one of the street’s first residents, George Cable, a writer, Abolitionist, and philanthropist. Dryads Green became known for the important writers, politicians and intellectuals that Cable entertained at his home “Tarryawhile” on Dryads Green. Between 1900 and 1910 Dryads Green was built up with houses owned by doctors, teachers, businessmen and scholars. One of the families that lived in this neighborhood for the longest period of time may be that of Michael and Katherine Dunphy who were second generation Irish immigrants. Michael Dunphy was a dentist and the Dunphy family is first listed in the directory between 1910 and 1919 at this address, though Michael was practicing dentistry as early as 1908 at 136 Main Street. They lived here according to the US census of 1920 with their children Englebert, Edwin, Donell, Margaret, and their maid, Josie Rodecka who had emigrated from Russia. The children grew up and left home but Michael remained in the house after Katherine’s death through 1960 and continued to practice dentistry through 1960 as well, though he later moved his office to 261 Main Street. By 1960 the house appears to have been divided into two units by Dunphy with Dorothy and Alfred Harris, II, living in the second unit. BIBLIOGRAPHY and/or REFERENCES Beers, F. W. County Atlas of Hampshire, Massachusetts, New York, 1873. Massachusetts Historical Commission. Reconnaissance Reports, “Northampton”, 1982. Miller, D. L. Atlas of the City of Northampton and Town of Easthampton, Hampshire County, Massachusetts, Philadelphia, 1895. INVENTORY FORMB CONTINUATION SHEET [NORTHAMPTON] [31 Dryads Green ] MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION Area(s) Form No. 220MORRISSEY BOULEVARD, BOSTON,MASSACHUSETTS 02125 Continuation sheet 2 NTH.575 Northampton Directories 1910-1960. Sanborn Insurance Maps, Northampton, 1915. U. S. Federal censuses 1890-1930. Walker, George H. Atlas of Northampton City, Massachusetts, Boston, 1884. Massachusetts Historical Commission Community Property Address State Archives Facility 220 Morrissey Boulevard Northampton 31 Dryads Green Boston, Massachusetts 02125 Area(s) Form No. NTH.575 National Register of Historic Places Criteria Statement Form Check all that apply: Individually eligible Eligible only in an historic district Contributing to a potential historic district Potential historic district Criteria: A B C D Criteria Considerations: A B C D E F G Statement of Significance by ___Bonnie Parsons__________________________ The criteria that are checked in the above sections must be justified here. This property would contribute to a potential historic district that would encompass the residential/institutional side streets laid out from Elm Street in Northampton Center between Main Street on the east and the west boundary of Childs Park on the west. This potential historic district is significant according to criteria A and C and would have local significance. These residential streets are significant according to criterion A for their reflection of the development of Northampton from the mid-19th century as a relatively affluent community that supported several private schools for young women, which prepared them after 1875 for attendance at Smith College, and the Clarke School where deaf students were given an education that thoroughly prepared them for the hearing world. The residences in this area made a shift from gentlemen’s estates to accommodation of the growing middle class in Northampton during the 19th century with businessmen, scholars, teachers, doctors, and retired farmers. According to criterion C this district would be significant for the range of historical styles that it includes. Gothic Revival, Italianate, French Second Empire, Queen Anne and Colonial Revival styles are all well-represented within a landscape of individual large lots, and streetscapes that were laid out and developed at one time.