FY 2020 Year 37 CAPER CAPER 1
OMB Control No: 2506-0117 (exp. 09/30/2021)
CR-05 - Goals and Outcomes
Progress the jurisdiction has made in carrying out its strategic plan and its action plan. 91.520(a)
This could be an overview that includes major initiatives and highlights that were proposed and executed throughout the program year.
The City of Northampton's CDBG Program carried out its 37th year of operation from July 1, 2020 to June 30, 2021. The City is pleased to submit
this Consolidated Annual Performance and Evaluation Report (CAPER). Through several sub-recipient grantee activities, Northampton residents
with low- and moderate-incomes benefited from services that contributed to their health and wellbeing. The Valley Community Development
Corporation (CDC) and Way Finders had their newly renovated Sergeant House open in July 2020 and was fully leased by Aug. 2020. This project
was from the previous program year, but his being reported on this year. The Community Builders are also 35% complete on their 53-unit,
Passive House certified affordable housing development known as North Commons. It is expected to be complete by the end of 2021. Two
houses from the Housing Rehabilitation program were completed and those projects are closed, one house has begun its rehabilitation, and the
remaining money for that program is expected to be expended during this program year. The Burts Pit Road Demolition did not move forward
during the program year, due to the timing of the transfer of ownership, but it will move forward this upcoming program year, using additional
funding from CDBG. The Rental & Utility Assistance Program administered by Community Action Pioneer Valley assisted 29 residents in 10
households, which was lower than our goals. This was due in part because of the amount of other money available elsewhere and the delays in
how renters perceive their need because of federal and state eviction moratoriums. Valley CDC helped Northampton households purchase
homes in Northampton’s very difficult market, two of which used down payment assistance and four without it.
The City completed 16 curb cuts throughout the downtown area in continuation of its efforts to make the downtown more accessible. The
Northampton Community Arts Trust was funded to create an accessible entrance and parking area for their multi-use arts facility and has
completed its construction work. The project Northampton Housing Authority (NHA) Cahill Ramps and Accessibility project was put on hold due
to the prohibition of inside work during the pandemic, but it is expected to proceed this program year, having secured a contractor through a
bidding process. The two emergency shelters: Grove Street Inn and the Interfaith Winter Shelter. had their funding increased due to the
pandemic. MANNA community kitchen and the Northampton Survival Center, both of which have seen a dramatic increase in the people
CAPER 2
OMB Control No: 2506-0117 (exp. 09/30/2021)
needing their services. Between the increased funding for MANNA and the Northampton Survival Center, and the funding dispersed to the
shelters, the City did go over its 15% public services cap, which is allowed under the CARES Act. The City also gave out six micro-enterprise grants
for businesses looking to retain/create jobs by pivoting their business during the pandemic.
Comparison of the proposed versus actual outcomes for each outcome measure submitted with the consolidated plan and
explain, if applicable, why progress was not made toward meeting goals and objectives. 91.520(g)
Categories, priority levels, funding sources and amounts, outcomes/objectives, goal outcome indicators, units of measure, targets, actual
outcomes/outputs, and percentage completed for each of the grantee’s program year goals.
Goal Category Source
/
Amount
Indicator Unit of
Measure
Expected
–
Strategic
Plan
Actual –
Strategic
Plan
Percent
Complete
Expected
–
Program
Year
Actual –
Program
Year
Percent
Complete
Economic
Development
& Income
Maximization
Non-Housing
Community
Development
CDBG:
$
Facade
treatment/business
building rehabilitation
Business 0 0 0 0
Economic
Development
& Income
Maximization
Non-Housing
Community
Development
CDBG:
$ Jobs created/retained Jobs 50 31
62.00% 35 31
88.57%
Economic
Development
& Income
Maximization
Non-Housing
Community
Development
CDBG:
$ Businesses assisted Businesses
Assisted 50 34
68.00% 45 36
80.00%
Improve Public
Facilities &
Infrastructure
Non-Homeless
Special Needs
Public
Facilities and
Infrastructure
CDBG:
$
Public Facility or
Infrastructure Activities
other than
Low/Moderate Income
Housing Benefit
Persons
Assisted 6450 6528
101.21% 3000 6528
217.60%
CAPER 3
OMB Control No: 2506-0117 (exp. 09/30/2021)
Improve Public
Facilities &
Infrastructure
Non-Homeless
Special Needs
Public
Facilities and
Infrastructure
CDBG:
$
Public Facility or
Infrastructure Activities
for Low/Moderate
Income Housing Benefit
Households
Assisted 48 0
0.00%
Preserve
Affordable
Housing,
Tenancy Help
& Rehab
Affordable
Housing
Non-Homeless
Special Needs
CDBG:
$ Rental units constructed
Household
Housing
Unit
25 0
0.00%
Preserve
Affordable
Housing,
Tenancy Help
& Rehab
Affordable
Housing
Non-Homeless
Special Needs
CDBG:
$
Rental units
rehabilitated
Household
Housing
Unit
35 31
88.57% 18 31
172.22%
Preserve
Affordable
Housing,
Tenancy Help
& Rehab
Affordable
Housing
Non-Homeless
Special Needs
CDBG:
$
Homeowner Housing
Added
Household
Housing
Unit
12 0
0.00%
Preserve
Affordable
Housing,
Tenancy Help
& Rehab
Affordable
Housing
Non-Homeless
Special Needs
CDBG:
$
Homeowner Housing
Rehabilitated
Household
Housing
Unit
15 2
13.33%
Preserve
Affordable
Housing,
Tenancy Help
& Rehab
Affordable
Housing
Non-Homeless
Special Needs
CDBG:
$
Direct Financial
Assistance to
Homebuyers
Households
Assisted 15 2
13.33% 3 2
66.67%
CAPER 4
OMB Control No: 2506-0117 (exp. 09/30/2021)
Preserve
Affordable
Housing,
Tenancy Help
& Rehab
Affordable
Housing
Non-Homeless
Special Needs
CDBG:
$ Buildings Demolished Buildings 1 0
0.00% 1 0
0.00%
Public Services
Affordable
Housing
Homeless
Non-Homeless
Special Needs
Non-Housing
Community
Development
CDBG:
$
Public service activities
other than
Low/Moderate Income
Housing Benefit
Persons
Assisted 1900 3925
206.58% 596 2549
427.68%
Public Services
Affordable
Housing
Homeless
Non-Homeless
Special Needs
Non-Housing
Community
Development
CDBG:
$
Public service activities
for Low/Moderate
Income Housing Benefit
Households
Assisted 75 14
18.67% 32 14
43.75%
Public Services
Affordable
Housing
Homeless
Non-Homeless
Special Needs
Non-Housing
Community
Development
CDBG:
$
Homeless Person
Overnight Shelter
Persons
Assisted 1000 180
18.00% 310 180
58.06%
CAPER 5
OMB Control No: 2506-0117 (exp. 09/30/2021)
Public Services
Affordable
Housing
Homeless
Non-Homeless
Special Needs
Non-Housing
Community
Development
CDBG:
$
Overnight/Emergency
Shelter/Transitional
Housing Beds added
Beds 25 25
100.00% 10 25
250.00%
Public Services
Affordable
Housing
Homeless
Non-Homeless
Special Needs
Non-Housing
Community
Development
CDBG:
$
Homelessness
Prevention
Persons
Assisted 500 44
8.80% 20 44
220.00%
Public Services
Affordable
Housing
Homeless
Non-Homeless
Special Needs
Non-Housing
Community
Development
CDBG:
$ Jobs created/retained Jobs 150 18
12.00% 20 18
90.00%
Table 1 - Accomplishments – Program Year & Strategic Plan to Date
Assess how the jurisdiction’s use of funds, particularly CDBG, addresses the priorities and specific objectives identified in the plan,
CAPER 6
OMB Control No: 2506-0117 (exp. 09/30/2021)
giving special attention to the highest priority activities identified.
The City's goal for Economic Development/Income Maximization on Job Creation/Retention and Businesses Assisted reached 88% and 80%
towards each goal respectively. This could have been due, at least in part, to the slower than expected request for small business grant funding.
The Improvement of Public Facilities & Infrastructure reached 217% of its goal due to the breadth of curb cuts throughout the City, the increased
number of people using public infrastructure outside during the pandemic, and that some of these accomplishments are being reported on from
the previous ConPlan, including the Arts Trust accessibility project. Many of those affected the greatest from the pandemic, can benefit the most
from the investment in public infrastructure. The rental units rehabilitated goal reached 172% of its goal, which again is because this project is
reporting on the previous ConPlan. Direct financial assistance to first-time homebuyers reached 66% of its goal due to a surge in housing prices
in Northampton that priced out many first-time homebuyers. The building to be demolished did not transfer to the City's ownership until later
than expected to complete the work.
The City exceeded many of its public services goals, but did not make others. The homeless person overnight shelter may have been due to an
over count in the number of people that needed that service towards the beginning of the pandemic. State and federal eviction moratoriums
and available rental/utility programs have kept many people in their homes. The public service activities for low- and moderate-income housing
benefit reached 43% of its goal. The public service activities other than Low/Moderate Income Housing Benefit exceeeded its goals at 427%. The
number of jobs Created/Retained reached 88% of its goal, which could be due to small size of the City’s loans compared to others that were
available. Building affordable homes takes a long time and there is a backlog of parcels that the city has provided that are able to be developed
by our partners such as Habitat for Humanity. The City met 220% towards it’s Homeless Prevention indicator. The renovation of Sergeant House,
finished this program year and added 15 SRO units. The project brought an elevator for access for people with disabilities and making for a much
more desirable living space.
CAPER 7
OMB Control No: 2506-0117 (exp. 09/30/2021)
CR-10 - Racial and Ethnic composition of families assisted
Describe the families assisted (including the racial and ethnic status of families assisted).
91.520(a)
CDBG
White 8,741
Black or African American 812
Asian 265
American Indian or American Native 75
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 1
Total 9,894
Hispanic 1,403
Not Hispanic 8,491
Table 2 – Table of assistance to racial and ethnic populations by source of funds
Narrative
The largest ethnic minority in the City is Hispanic/Latino, followed by Black/African American, so the
number of families assisted tracks with those families that were actually served by CDBG funded
activities. The above table does not include the following multi-racial categories: American Indian or
Alaskan Native/White; Asian/White; Black African-American/White; American Indian/Alaskan Native/
Black African-American; Asian/Pacific Islander; and other multi-racial categories. The number of people
served increased 3.1 times from the previous program year, but those numbers did not increase equally
across racial groups. White increased 3.3 times, Asian 5.1 times, while Black/African American share of
those helped only increased by 1.7 times. Additionally, non-Hispanic/Latino increased by 3.5 times,
while Hispanic/Latino only increased by 1.6 times.
CAPER 8
OMB Control No: 2506-0117 (exp. 09/30/2021)
CR-15 - Resources and Investments 91.520(a)
Identify the resources made available
Source of Funds Source Resources Made
Available
Amount Expended
During Program Year
CDBG public - federal 791,034
Table 3 - Resources Made Available
Narrative
The "other" category is composed of several other sources. Community Preservation Act (CPA) funding
for the program year was $811,425. Of that, $220,000 was awarded to housing projects around the City.
From the previous ConPlan, the City used $250,000 in CPA money to help build the North Commons,
which will have 39 affordable units when it is complete. That $250,000 is not included in the total for the
"other" category. The City has expended $1 million of its $1.2 Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality
(CMAQ) Improvement Program grant for the regional expansion of ValleyBike in Northampton and the
region to provide equitable transportation access, with a priority on serving low- and moderate-income
populations. The CDBG funds for affordable housing has helped leverage the transfer of two parcels at
the old state hospital (Laurel Street and Burts Pit Road) in early 2021 for affordable housing. A $250,000
housing choice grant, which has allowed the City to add a new parcel (Chapel Street) to City’s surplus
city sites for affordable housing. In addition, the Housing Choice Grant helped leverage $100,000 in a
Community Preservation Affordable Housing grant, which has allowed the City to add an additional two
sites (Leeds and Oak Street) to the surplus city sites inventory for affordable housing programs. The City
has worked with the Pioneer Valley Habitat for Humanity for many years to develop housing for low-
income homebuyers.
There are four housing programs that support chronically homeless people in Northampton ("A Positive
Place" through Cooley Dickinson Hospital, "Three County PSH" through CHD, "Paradise Ponds" through
Wayfinders, and "Shelter Plus Care" through Service Net) and between them there are 17 beds. The
funding breakdown for Northampton Beds is $201,939 based on the total of these project's budgets and
the cost per unit. Additionally, the CoC has funding for Coordinated Entry, Planning, and the data
collection and reporting. It’s more difficult to determine a town allocation of these funds because of the
number of towns in our geographic location. However, the total of the internal CoC administration
funding is $244,303. The CoC breakdown of what is allocated to Northampton is difficult to parse,
because they run the CoC for Hampshire, Franklin, and Berkshire Counties. Their programs include the
HMIS lead project, coordinated entry funding, planning funds and housing and supportive-services
projects.
CAPER 9
OMB Control No: 2506-0117 (exp. 09/30/2021)
Identify the geographic distribution and location of investments
Target Area Planned Percentage of
Allocation
Actual Percentage of
Allocation
Narrative Description
Table 4 – Identify the geographic distribution and location of investments
Narrative
The City has not designated any HUD defined target areas. All public service activities, as well as the
Housing Rehab program, First Time Homebuyer program and Micro-Business assistance programs are
available to all income eligible Northampton residents across the City. As mentioned in the 2020 CAPER,
small business grants may be skewed towards the City center as COVID-19 seems to be hurting them
more than other commercial corridors that have more space to enable COVID-19 safety protocols. The
City has no plans to prioritize one group over the other.
CAPER 10
OMB Control No: 2506-0117 (exp. 09/30/2021)
Leveraging
Explain how federal funds leveraged additional resources (private, state and local funds),
including a description of how matching requirements were satisfied, as well as how any
publicly owned land or property located within the jurisdiction that were used to address the
needs identified in the plan.
CDBG allocations for public service agencies are very small amounts compared to their overall
budgets. The awards range from $3,000 - $13,000, which has been a consistent theme. The
City’s support with CDBG funds is to leverage other funding awards such as Community
Preservation Act funding and other grants from the state and private organizations. The City
leveraged $63,000 from the Massachusetts Office on Disability grant that the City received, to
make the Council Chambers, Senior Center, and Hearing Room more accessible to people with
hearing disabilities and challenges, who trend older and of low-to-moderate income. A few of
the most important public services during the pandemic that the City leveraged where the
MANNA soup kitchen, Northampton Survival Center, and the two homeless shelters.
The North Commons (53 units) at Village Hill leveraged $150,000 in federal CDBG funds, along
with $250,000 in local CPA funds. The renovation and expansion of Sergeant House by Valley
CDC (82 Bridge Street) was a $7 million project where a $150,000 in CDBG commitments
leveraged over $6 million, comprised of Low Income Housing Tax Credit equity, MA Affordable
Housing Trust fund, MA Housing Innovations Fund, MA HIF 1 and HIF 111 Subordinate debt
programs, Consolidated Facilities Fund for the Department of Mental Health units, Federal
Home Loan Bank of Boston, Community Preservation Committee and a Kuehn Grant funding.
This project closed up early in the program year. Other housing projects in the City, will use a
combination of Community Preservation Act, MassWorks (state), Housing Choice Grant (state),
and fees from short-term rentals (local) to acquire, install infrastructure (e.g., water,
stormwater, sewer, electrical), cover soft costs (e.g., engineering, surveys), and prepare the
land ahead of disposition to an affordable housing developer. The City does not build housing.
CAPER 11
OMB Control No: 2506-0117 (exp. 09/30/2021)
CR-20 - Affordable Housing 91.520(b)
Evaluation of the jurisdiction's progress in providing affordable housing, including the
number and types of families served, the number of extremely low-income, low-income,
moderate-income, and middle-income persons served.
One-Year Goal Actual
Number of Homeless households to be
provided affordable housing units 337 180
Number of Non-Homeless households to be
provided affordable housing units 410 3,984
Number of Special-Needs households to be
provided affordable housing units 20 20
Total 767 4,184
Table 5 – Number of Households
One-Year Goal Actual
Number of households supported through
Rental Assistance 110 78
Number of households supported through
The Production of New Units 0 15
Number of households supported through
Rehab of Existing Units 18 2
Number of households supported through
Acquisition of Existing Units 0 0
Total 128 95
Table 6 – Number of Households Supported
Discuss the difference between goals and outcomes and problems encountered in meeting these goals.
During the pandemic, there has been an increase in the safety-net programs such as the food pantry and
soup kitchen. The number of people experiencing homelessness includes people served at the year-
round Grove Street Inn and the Inter-Faith Winter Shelter but does not include the unsheltered
population or those served by Safe Passage. Some of those clients are not considered homeless. There is
no data available for the 17 emergency shelter beds operated by Soldier On at the Veterans
Administration campus. The number of non-homeless households being supported is the tally of the
CAPER 12
OMB Control No: 2506-0117 (exp. 09/30/2021)
total number served by CDBG subrecipient public services programs, minus the two shelter programs,
but is not a total of all those served in the community by other programs. The number of households
with special needs is an estimate, as the State does not release information on residential programming
through either the Department of Development Services or the Department of Mental Health (DMH).
The number of households being supported with rental assistance is the total number of Housing Choice
Vouchers, Mass Rental Vouchers, and Veterans Affairs Supportive Housing (VASH) vouchers
administered by the Northampton Housing Authority. The total number of VASH vouchers issued was 58
and 54 leased up, there were seven Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers issued and seven leased up, and
there were three mainstream vouchers issued and none have leased up. For the vouchers that did not
lease up, it is a combination of being unable to find a suitable unit in time and the housing authority
being unable to contact the vouchers holders. The rehab of existing units is the South Street Apartment
building project, which was unable to move forward due to prohibition from DHCD to do indoor work
during the pandemic. The number of units acquired is zero because the land that the City plans to
develop has not been built on yet. The residents at Sergeant House should all be clients of the
Department of Mental Health (DMH), so the number of special needs households has increased by 15.
However, these cannot be verified by DMH. The Sergeant House expansion and renovation is being
reported on this year due to its completion, but it was a previous Con Plan project, therefore we are
now reporting on 15 new units. The Housing Rehabilitation program completed two housing rehab
projects, which is lower than the City's goal. This was due in part because of people taking precautions
during the pandemic and the increased cost of building materials. The Burts Pit Road demolition project
was planned to demolish the house there, but the transfer of ownership to City did not occur until later
than expected. The Community Action Rental & Utility Assistance program did not meet its goals due in
part because of the eviction moratoriums and the vast amount of financial resources available to people
in need. The delay in meeting these "worst case needs" in housing for these people with disabilities was
a serious health risk, as they were housing insecure, severely rent burdened, or homeless during the first
and second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Way Finders Residential Service Coordinator reported
268 residents served out of a goal of 241 residents, which is being reported from another ConPlan.
Discuss how these outcomes will impact future annual action plans.
The pandemic has shown how easily some work can be delayed and that outcomes need to be
tampered (e.g. housing projects) or that needs are multiplied (e.g. food pantry), so that the original goal
numbers for the program year not accurate. The City may consider creating an amendment to the
Action Plan if needs change dramatically to better serve those in need, provided all the requirements
are met. The City will also consider dropping its outcomes in the CR-20 regarding Soldier On and DMH
housing because the counts cannot be accurately determined.
There are many reports, data sets, and events that the City will pull together to create future action
plans for CDBG funds. The first, is the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic that has clearly demonstrated the
needed for increased shelter capacity, including non-congregate shelters like hotels, and new protocols
CAPER 13
OMB Control No: 2506-0117 (exp. 09/30/2021)
and staffing levels. This increases the City’s awareness for Housing First housing units and Safe Haven
residences for those who are homeless or experiencing mental illness. Similarly, there is also a need for
more low- and moderate-income housing and creating housing stabilization programs. COVID-19 has
also exposed how precarious some small businesses are when economic downturns happen. The City
has implemented a small business grant program due to the pandemic and will continue to evaluate the
business climate as things progress
Other needs have been articulated in recent planning documents that have been adopted: the
Impediments to Fair Housing (2019), the Mayor’s Working Group on Panhandling (2019), and the ADA
Self Evaluation and Transition Plan (2020). These documents have informed the current Consolidated
Plan and subsequent Action Plans. Eligible projects that are supported from these documents could
include: public services to help renter or homeowners, creating affordable housing, shelters, and the
removal of architectural barriers in houses, public infrastructure, or public buildings. The building for the
resiliency hub is in the process of being acquired, so funding the staff or other programmatic costs may
happen with CDBG funds.
Include the number of extremely low-income, low-income, and moderate-income persons served by each activity where information on income by family size is required to determine the eligibility of the activity.
Number of Households Served CDBG Actual HOME Actual
Extremely Low-income 1 0
Low-income 3 0
Moderate-income 7 0
Total 11 0
Table 7 – Number of Households Served
Narrative Information
In total 11 households benefited from CDBG project funding this past year.
CAPER 14
OMB Control No: 2506-0117 (exp. 09/30/2021)
CR-25 - Homeless and Other Special Needs 91.220(d, e); 91.320(d, e); 91.520(c)
Evaluate the jurisdiction’s progress in meeting its specific objectives for reducing and ending
homelessness through:
Reaching out to homeless persons (especially unsheltered persons) and assessing their
individual needs
The City continued to work closely with Eliot Community Homeless Services. Their Outreach Coordinator
and Street Outreach Clinician attended monthly meetings of the Next Step Collaborative and regularly
reported on the needs and numbers of people living outside. The City also works with the outreach
worker from MANNA soup kitchen to engage with homeless persons. The City used its homeless
encampment notification protocol for addressing encampments, either through cleanup measures or
warning people camped in flood zones.
The City’s plan to create a community resiliency hub in downtown that houses several public services, is
a perfect fit for assessing and serving the needs of the unhoused. It will be close to public
transportation, shelters, and will be co-located with other services. This ‘living room’ model may prove
exceptionally beneficial to homeless persons. These have both become essential as the COVID-19
pandemic forced more people onto the streets. The encampment protocol was to identify, notify,
assess, and take the appropriate action (services, post notice, etc.). The Health Dept., Eliot, ServiceNet,
Tapestry Health, and other partners can join the outreach effort as the inhabitants' needs are identified.
People are directed towards services where possible. They were also given ample warning if they
needed to relocate for safety reasons (e.g., camping in a flood plain) to avoid loss of personal items.
The number of people living outside has increased dramatically in the last program year due to the
ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Several unhoused people have moved in from other communities and
almost certainly there has been an increase in unhoused people locally or people who pre-pandemic
were able to couch surf and are now without a roof. Successful models operating in other parts of the
country are when outreach workers can immediately house homeless people into houses. This is made
difficult during the pandemic, from the increased need and from shelters being at less than full capacity.
Street outreach is hugely successful when units are immediately available. The City will continue to
advocate regionally to create a robust homeless shelter network, share best practices, and build suitable
housing arrangements for those who are homeless. Throughout the pandemic, the Mayor has
advocated for dynamic housing options at the state level. In Northampton, ServiceNet’s Hampshire
County Resource Center continued to provide case management services, laundry, shower facilities,
emergency food and shelter services - despite the COVID-19 pandemic
Addressing the emergency shelter and transitional housing needs of homeless persons
Relevant service providers throughout the City met weekly to discuss Coordinated Entry and periodically
identify the most vulnerable of their clients and worked hard to find housing placements for them. The
CAPER 15
OMB Control No: 2506-0117 (exp. 09/30/2021)
Community Development Planner has sat in on some of these meetings to understand where the City’s
role was in the process. The City continued to support both shelters for individuals with CDBG funding
and other public services that help those that are homeless. The Community Development Planner
facilitated the Next Step Collaborative, a monthly gathering of housing and shelter service providers and
regularly attends the Western Mass. Network to End Homelessness monthly meetings. At these
meetings, local leaders and service providers discussed policies that needed supporting and how to best
utilize new sizable federal money available.
The Three County CoC is composed of Berkshire, Franklin, and Hampshire Counties and is primarily rural
in nature. The Three County CoC administers the Coordinated Entry system. However, there is often not
enough housing to get people into a unit. The City will continue to investigate creating housing first
units, continue it’s funding for SRO support and shelter, fund the building of more affordable rental
units, and maintain a healthy housing stock through housing rehab. The need has been exacerbated by
the flight to more rural areas like Northampton during the pandemic.
The Annex in Easthampton, which had provided six overflow beds to Northampton, did not operate this
year for the second year in a row due to COVID-19 and staffing levels. This affected the regional shelter
efforts. It is truly a regional collaboration with people from ServiceNet, Friends of Hampshire Homeless,
Our Lady of the Valley parish, and Soldier On when it is operational. Many shelter providers must apply
for multiple funding applications, soliciting private donations, and securing volunteer support in order to
provide their services. This creates extra overhead for the staff that is not directly helping their clients.
Tapestry Health Systems, Eliot Homeless Services, ServiceNet, Inc., the Northampton Police Department,
Forbes Library, Friends of Hampshire County Homeless, and MANNA have all worked together for
several years to identify, engage, and serve those people most at risk in Northampton. The City has
voted to create a ‘community care’ department that would take away some of the current emergency
calls to the police department and respond in a trauma informed way. MANNA, who is CDBG funded,
has expanded their scope this year by giving out many more meals, providing showers for unhoused
people, and lockers in a downtown location.
Helping low-income individuals and families avoid becoming homeless, especially extremely
low-income individuals and families and those who are: likely to become homeless after
being discharged from publicly funded institutions and systems of care (such as health care
facilities, mental health facilities, foster care and other youth facilities, and corrections
programs and institutions); and, receiving assistance from public or private agencies that
address housing, health, social services, employment, education, or youth needs
Social workers from the local hospital attend Next Step Collaborative meetings to network with housing
and shelter providers to avoid discharging patients into homelessness. The Department of Mental
Health (DMH) increased their capacity to house clients with the expansion of Sergeant Housing SRO.
Soldier On continued to pick up and transport veterans being discharged from the Hampshire County
House of Corrections who chose to go and did not have other housing options. Access to an affordable
CAPER 16
OMB Control No: 2506-0117 (exp. 09/30/2021)
housing opportunity in Northampton is life changing for those that do get the chance. Safe, decent,
and affordable housing is an intervention in and of itself. Individuals who are stably housed have better
outcomes over time, i.e. reduction in inpatient hospitalizations, reduction in the use of crisis services,
and forensics engagements as compared to those experiencing housing instability. Secondly, the
affordable housing providers are more sensitive to the needs and challenges of DMH’s housing
participants which are not often found in the general landlord community. These housing providers are
willing to work with Service Providers around the shared goal of maintaining the housing while at the
same time holding people accountable for their behavior and expecting them to abide by the normal
tenancy requirements. Since the vast majority of DMH clients cannot afford to own and maintain a car,
the proximity to transit, services, shopping and recreation are important for them so it is a real bonus
having these housing units located right in the heart of the downtown corridor.
One of the challenges with some DMH clients in Northampton is the use of the Small Area FMR, which
ties vouchers to the Springfield Metropolitan area, which has a lower average rent than Northampton.
This means a voucher that cannot quite lease up in Northampton. This causes people to move out of the
City and farther from their support services. The Northampton Police Department started work on
intervention strategies and identifying clients at risk on the streets. The Hampshire County Resource
Center did shut down of the last program year due to the pandemic and only opened back up in July
2021. It normally provides office space for the Benefits Analyst, a medical exam room for Health Care for
the Homeless doctors and nurses, and case management staff to link people with housing and services.
Helping homeless persons (especially chronically homeless individuals and families, families
with children, veterans and their families, and unaccompanied youth) make the transition to
permanent housing and independent living, including shortening the period of time that
individuals and families experience homelessness, facilitating access for homeless individuals
and families to affordable housing units, and preventing individuals and families who were
recently homeless from becoming homeless again
The Hampshire County Resource Center, located downtown shut down due to the pandemic, so access
to case management was severely limited this program year. Two street outreach teams in the City, the
Northampton Police Department, and other providers regularly refer people to assistance at the various
locations and time in the City that services are provided. The search for a resiliency hub location has
begun in earnest, but no site has been secured at this point. In lieu of the Resource Center, many people
have been going to MANNA for showers, laundry, and food. Healthcare is not provided at MANNA.
Providing these resources can dramatically improve the quality of life for people who are homeless. The
Center for Human Development (CHD) operates Jessie's House in Amherst, where six families at a time
are served, which is the only family emergency shelter in Hampshire County. Soldier On has case
management and a service delivery system to serve men and women Veterans. They operate
emergency shelter beds, transitional housing, permanent supported housing, and homeownership
opportunities. They are located at the Northampton VA Medical Campus, where residents can access
mental health and general healthcare. Dial/Self serves unaccompanied homeless youth in the
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Franklin/Hampshire county region. These are the first units for youth in Hampshire County. It addresses
a high priority need, as assistance for this age group (18-24) is imperative to reduce adult homelessness
episodes. Shortening lengths of stay in the shelter is dependent on the availability of housing units for
people to access.
The City continued to support the Community Legal Aid Homelessness Prevention Program, the
Community Housing Support Services Program, and the SRO Outreach Project to keep people
sustainably housed. Homelessness prevention is a high priority activity area for the City, especially in the
midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. Once a household loses a rental subsidy, it is very difficult for them to
re-secure housing stability. Impacting homelessness "upstream" is a goal of the Continuum of Care and
the Western Mass Network to End Homelessness. The State's RAFT and ERMA programs, and along with
the other resources provided for under the Governor’s Eviction Diversion Initiative, are critical for
keeping people housed or getting them rehoused as quickly as possible. The Office of Planning &
Sustainability has handed out hundreds of wallet sized resource cards to service providers and
advocated throughout the City. The City continued to support prevention activities by providing CDBG
funding to the Community Legal Aid Program. CLA provides free legal assistance to families and
individuals with low incomes facing eviction in Housing Court. With mediation efforts, the majority of
tenancies are preserved. With more than half of the households presenting in Court already residing in
rent assisted units, the issues revolve around life skills, financial literacy, and increasing their wages.
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CR-30 - Public Housing 91.220(h); 91.320(j)
Actions taken to address the needs of public housing
This previous program year, money was set aside for accessibility improvements at three Northampton
Housing Authority (NHA) properties and to create an outdoor playground at their Hampshire Heights
apartment complex. These were both put on hold due to constraints brought by the pandemic.
However, both projects are slated to move forward in the new program year. At NHA, the Resident
Services Coordinator continued to oversee family developments. This work grew out of tenants'
involvement with the Hampshire Heights Healthy Hampshire and GrowFood Northampton programs to
bring fresh produce to the site by using a grant to install raised community garden beds for the residents
to grow their own food. A member of the Northampton Housing Partnership and former resident at the
NHA has worked to get more interaction with tenants and the leadership at NHA and that person is also
now on the board of directors for the NHA.
The NHA received HUD 811 Mainstream Vouchers and additional Emergency Housing Vouchers (EHV)
this year, which can be used by non-elderly disabled people, including chronically homeless people.
These vouchers will help people to leave the emergency shelter system or get off of the streets. The
NHA will utilize the Coordinated Entry list, and preference will be given to those highest on the list. NHA
leadership regularly meets with the Three Country Continuum of Care, other Housing Agencies to
discuss the Coordinated Entry list. While the NHA has many ways to help people get housed, all of the
programs have seen more difficulty housing people due to COVID-19. The waiting list for getting into
housing could be years. The NHA leadership team has also started working with the Northampton
Housing Partnership to understand if switching away from the Small Area Fair Market, which prohibits
many from using the vouchers in Northampton due to the higher rents compared to the Springfield
metropolitan area to which the voucher is tied, and instead choose a different FMR. This switch may
help more voucher holders to lease up in Northampton.
Actions taken to encourage public housing residents to become more involved in
management and participate in homeownership
The Northampton Housing Authority's Board of Directors has always had tenant representation. The
NHA has worked hard to involve more of its residents in planning projects and keeping a resident as a
member of the board. For instance, the CDBG funded Hampshire Heights Playground was a community-
inspired project designed to coordinate with the community. Additionally, the NHA has accepted one of
its residents' to serve as a 3-5 year term on the NHA Board of Directors. The diversity of the board
should only increase as more residents realize that they can represent their community. A former NHA
tenant, who is Latinx is now a member of the board.
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Actions taken to provide assistance to troubled PHAs
The Northampton Housing Authority is not designated as troubled. The Analysis of Impediments (AI) to
Fair Housing did conclude that the Housing Authority's local preference (for tenant selection) is a
deterrent to housing mobility from other parts of the region into Northampton. The NHA Director has
met with the Northampton Housing Partnership to discuss this and are actively looking for ways to
address this but no consensus on changes to this policy have emerged.
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CR-35 - Other Actions 91.220(j)-(k); 91.320(i)-(j)
Actions taken to remove or ameliorate the negative effects of public policies that serve as
barriers to affordable housing such as land use controls, tax policies affecting land, zoning
ordinances, building codes, fees and charges, growth limitations, and policies affecting the
return on residential investment. 91.220 (j); 91.320 (i)
The Analysis of Impediments (AI) Report from 2019 identified several policies that are affecting the
ability of people to find suitable housing in Northampton. One item was the private sector application
fees that are borne by people applying for market-rate rental housing. This is allowed under current
regulations, but the Northampton Housing Partnership is in discussion on how to ameliorate the high
cost bore by applicants. They are also in deep conversations with the NHA regarding the Small Area FMR
that ties rents in Northampton to Springfield, which tend to be lower in Springfield. This means that the
vouchers are often not enough to lease up in Northampton, so people move outside of the City once
they get a voucher. The AI did note that the City is doing everything it should to promote mixed-use,
affordable housing and increase housing choice. The City is encouraging higher density development by
promoting infill, permitting small lot residential development, encouraging mixed-use developments by
allowing housing in all districts and industrial districts, permitting live/work units. It is working to
increase housing diversity and affordability by allowing accessory dwelling units in all zones and
providing density incentives for affordability. The City passed a two-family by right zoning amendment
that streamlined the process and decreased the cost for creating two-family houses anywhere in the
City as well as zoning that more than doubled the allowable density for affordable housing in all
residential zoning districts.
The City had previously established two Smart Growth Overlay districts in Massachusetts called 40R
districts, which require an affordability component, and expanded one of those districts this year.
Following recommendations made in earlier AI's, the City now permits up to six units by right with the
site-plan review, has simple standards for larger multi-family structures, requires no traffic mitigation or
parking for residential construction downtown, allows mixed-use housing by right with site plan review
and doubled and in some cases tripled the density allowed in some zones within the urban core. By
reducing lot size throughout the City, to better reflect existing development patterns, possibilities for 2-
3 unit dwellings is increased. The City is also an eligible community for Opportunity Zones created by the
federal government. The City's Office of Planning and Sustainability and Habitat Humanity previously
had successful design competitions previously to create affordable and sustainable single-family homes.
These have culminated in several limited development projects, where people now live. Northampton
also instituted a Senior Citizen and Veteran Tax Work-Off Program to increase the chances that
participants can afford to remain in their homes.
Actions taken to address obstacles to meeting underserved needs. 91.220(k); 91.320(j)
The AI Report has provided the City with several years of work, such as policies to change and complete
projects. The Community Development Planner has monthly meetings with the Housing Partnership,
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where they have prioritized the AI Report's action steps and have begun to take steps towards meeting
those needs. For instance, addressing the Small Area FMR that the NHA uses and investigating broker
fees by private rental agencies. This is a barrier keeping people out of the City with its heavy upfront
costs of moving, so a Housing Partnership subcommittee has been meeting to make recommendations
to address it.
The Community Development Planner continued with the City’s involvement in the Western
Massachusetts Network to End Homelessness, Three County Continuum of Care meetings, staff support
to the Northampton Housing Partnership, and the Next Step Collaborative. All of these meetings work
towards meeting the needs of underrepresented and underserved people in our community.
Additionally, the ADA Self-Evaluation and Transition Plan identified several barriers to people with
disabilities in their access to City buildings, sidewalks, and programs. The ADA/Section 504 Coordinator
also serves as the staff person for the Disability Commission and have together identified action steps
towards addressing issues from the report. For example, the City applied for a planning grant to study
how to make City buildings more accessible to people with disabilities. The City used CDBG funds to
create ADA accessible wheelchair ramps in downtown sidewalks and various locations in Florence
village. Additional Florence center ramps are planned. These sidewalk ramps were previously identified
and prioritized in a 2018 study by Alta Planning + Design. For this program year, the City was awarded a
Massachusetts Office on Disability grant for purchasing assisted listening devices for people who are
hard of hearing to attend City meetings. Some of the action steps identified in the Mayor's Work Group
on Panhandling Report have begun to be addressed, such as the lockers for homeless people in
downtown run by MANNA and the beginning stages of creating a resiliency hub / day center for cooling,
food distribution, and other essential serves for the underserved.
Actions taken to reduce lead-based paint hazards. 91.220(k); 91.320(j)
The rates of lead paint poisoning among children remain low locally, but this can be deceiving. The
presence of lead paint is a silent discriminator when landlords refuse to rent to families with young
children because they are unwilling to certify that there is no lead paint or are unable to abate their
units in compliance with the Massachusetts Lead Paint Notification law. The presence of lead paint can
be assumed for every home built before the lead paint ban in 1978, which for Northampton is about
50% of the total housing stock. Once again, this was identified in the AI Report and is considered a
barrier to family housing in Northampton. Lead paint abatement information will soon be made
available on the City’s website, and the City will consider disseminating the information at a landlord
workshop in the future. The City's Housing Rehabilitation Program conducted lead paint testing at every
home that participated in the program, regardless of the current household composition. A single-family
homeowner can participate in a 15-year deferred payment 0% interest loan program in which lead paint
can be abated if necessary. The upward project cost limit of $45,000 was set high to permit abatement
activities if needed. The Northampton Board of Health continued to keep up the database of units that
have been abated and so certified as such. When funds were available, the Valley CDC's Homeownership
Center continued to refer people to the State's “Get the Lead Out Program.
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Actions taken to reduce the number of poverty-level families. 91.220(k); 91.320(j)
The City increased its funding to the Northampton Survival Center and the MANNA Soup Kitchen this
second year of the pandemic. The provision of healthy food and community meals helps people avoid
the choice they sometimes have to make between eating and paying housing or other costs. The Valley
CDC Micro-Business Assistance program provided technical support to people thinking of starting or
operating a small business for job creation, retention, and income maximization. The Literacy Project,
the Center for New Americans, and Community Action's Youth Employment Readiness Program helped
individuals and families gain education and employment skills to increase economic empowerment and
self-sufficiency. These programs are all CDBG subrecipients. CDBG funds continued to support local
small businesses that employ low-income people through micro-enterprise grants.
The Northampton Housing Partnership met several times with members of the Northampton Housing
Authority and other area stakeholders this year concerning participation in HUD's Small Area Fair
Market Rent program. A subcommittee of the Housing Partnership is investigating how to remove
Northampton from the SAFMR and what that means for the number of available vouchers at NHA. This
would likely increase the ability of people with low incomes to use HUD Housing Choice Vouchers in
Northampton. Because Northampton is included in the Springfield SMSA, fair market rents have been
much lower than market-rate rents for decades.
Actions taken to develop institutional structure. 91.220(k); 91.320(j)
The Office of Planning & Sustainability was involved throughout the year with the Western
Massachusetts Network to End Homelessness, the Three County Continuum of Care, the Next Step
Collaborative, the Cot Management Committee, the Northampton Housing Partnership, the Disability
Commission, and was one of the lead agencies planning the Resiliency Hub, along with Community
Action Pioneer Valley. The action steps and directives from recent studies like the Mayor's Work Group
on Panhandling, the Analysis of Impediments and the ADA Self-Evaluation/Transition Plan gave the City
a renewed focus on the issue that the City faces. Available trainings for federal grants such as CDBG and
state specific planning were taken regularly by members of the Office of Planning & Sustainability.
Feedback on the operations and gaps in the system were discussed at various meetings throughout the
year by the Community Development Planner, the Economic Development Coordinator, the Community
Preservation Committee, the Office of Planning and Sustainability, the Human Rights Commission, the
Disability Commission, the Police Department, the Health Department, the Building Department, the
Public Works Department, all of whom work together to identify and address community issues. The
Mayor, the Mayor's Chief of Staff, Director of Planning & Sustainability, and the Economic Development
Coordinator met monthly to ensure a coordinated community development strategy. The municipal
structure that exists is collaborative and effective. The Action Plans formulated by the Analysis of
Impediments Update and the Mayor's Work Group on Panhandling call for collaboration between the
various entities responsible for implementing a myriad of recommendations to ensure our community is
welcoming and accessible to all. The Northampton Housing Partnership has worked strategically with
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members of the City Council, the Human Rights Commission, and the Northampton Housing Authority to
work on the issues identified in the recent studies mentioned.
Actions taken to enhance coordination between public and private housing and social service
agencies. 91.220(k); 91.320(j)
The Next Step Collaborative meetings are City-sponsored gatherings of local housing and homeless
service providers meeting monthly since 1994. Guest who attend these meetings are those who were
people previously living outside, living in emergency shelters, advocates for the homeless, people
serving Veterans, people living with HIV/Aids, people in recovery, people living in subsidized housing,
people managing subsidized housing, and people providing housing stabilization support services. This
group has continued to advocate for getting Housing First units, expanded shelter capacity, and a
resiliency hub (day shelter) to get out of the elements and provide services such as storage lockers or
consultations with service agencies.
While the need for more shelter space has been a consistent theme throughout the years, the COVID-19
pandemic has increased the need for shelters and laid bare the need for more public and private
housing as well. The Community Development Planner and the Northampton Housing Partnership have
met with the Northampton Housing Authority members to understand their processes better and look
for solutions to the barriers identified in the AI. These meetings were just as much a meeting getting to
know each other as they were information sharing. The Housing Partnership has expressed appreciation
for NHA members talking with them, and NHA has expressed interest in having further discussions.
Identify actions taken to overcome the effects of any impediments identified in the
jurisdictions analysis of impediments to fair housing choice. 91.520(a)
This last program year was spent diving deeper into the recommendations and action steps given by the
various studies that came out in 2019 and 2020. The Housing Partnership and Disability Commission
worked with the Community Development Planner on the action steps, prioritizing the issues and
choosing those they are most implementable The Housing Partnership and the Disability Commission
works as an advisory board to the Mayor. Still, they are also instrumental in influencing public opinion
on issues and starting conversations with stakeholders. The Housing Partnership has taken on private
rental fees and the Small Area FMR as their biggest task for the preceding year.
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CR-40 - Monitoring 91.220 and 91.230
Describe the standards and procedures used to monitor activities carried out in furtherance
of the plan and used to ensure long-term compliance with requirements of the programs
involved, including minority business outreach and the comprehensive planning
requirements
Quarterly reports are required from all sub-recipients through the Neighborly software system. The data
in those reports is used to input into IDIS and is closely reviewed for progress and compliance with all
applicable laws and regulations by both the Grants Administrator and the Community Development
Planner. Performance outcomes are outlined in the Scope of Services at the beginning of each program
year in the CDBG Agreement or Contract before the issuance of funds. When applicable, contracts also
include requirements for submissions of other HUD reports such as Section 3, FFATA information,
Department of Labor MBE/WBE reports, and Davis Bacon wage rate compliance certifications, payroll
records, and on-site interviews conducted by the Community Development Planner.
Desk Monitoring of several public service recipients were carried out throughout this last program year
by the Grants Administrator: the shelters run by ServiceNet (Grove Street Inn and Interfaith Shelter), the
Center for New Americans, Way Finders (Residential Service Coordinator), and Community Action
(Community Resource & Advocacy and Youth Employment & Readiness programs). During these
monitoring visits, the Grants Administrator verified income levels and that the reports on file were
complete. The day-to-day operations of the programs were discussed to ensure that they align with
national objectives and eligibility requirements, as well as the description provided in the original
application. Project directors and financial staff were asked to be present during the meetings to
provide information pertinent to CDBG funds and associated activities.
During the CDBG planning phase, Public Service applicants are interviewed during a competitive
application cycle by a Review Committee composed of community members, City councilors, and City
staff. Organizational capacity and past performance are evaluated. Quarterly reports are entered into a
third party database by grantees and data is entered into IDIS from those reports. Contractors are
informed about the above-mentioned reports and affirmative action hiring goals during meetings and in
the contract document. Most smaller projects, such as housing rehab, are completed by sole owner
businesses. Larger projects can do the outreach but often do not need to expand their workforce to
complete a project. The housing rehab program requires solicitation for contractors, including the
statements and actions that women/minority-owned businesses or Section 3 businesses are encouraged
to apply
CAPER 25
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Citizen Participation Plan 91.105(d); 91.115(d)
Describe the efforts to provide citizens with reasonable notice and an opportunity to
comment on performance reports.
A legal ads were published in the Daily Hampshire Gazette, the local newspaper for all public hearings
and publication of the Draft Plan, Action Plan, and CAPER documents giving the dates of meetings and
times available for review in the office. All documents were also uploaded to the City's website for each
access for public review. Residents were encouraged to call or email with comments. Physical meeting is
allowed during this current phase of the pandemic. For this CAPER, an ad was published in the Daily
Hampshire Gazette on September 10th, 2021, with a link to the CAPER and instructions on commenting
or receiving a paper copy. The public comment period was open till September 24th, 2021. The
Community Development Planner discussed program goals, objectives, and outcomes with the Next
Step Collaborative participants monthly and provided notice to an extensive email listserv about all
public hearings, publication of documents, and applicable comment periods. The discussions at the
various public hearings and meetings yielded valuable input. Linkages were made during public sessions
about work plans incorporated into CDBG Action Plans and CAPER reports and the opportunities to
comment throughout the year.
CR-45 - CDBG 91.520(c)
Specify the nature of, and reasons for, any changes in the jurisdiction’s program objectives
and indications of how the jurisdiction would change its programs as a result of its
experiences.
The majority of activities outlined in the Action Plan for the Program Year now being reported on
proceeded without any issues. The COVID-19 pandemic has pushed some of the construction projects
into the next program year, due to prohibitions on indoor work and supply chain issues causing rising
costs. Most public services moved their operations online for a time or are now doing a hybrid version of
their services. The need for MANNA Soup Kitchen and the Northampton Survival Center increased
dramatically during the pandemic. No changes in program objectives were identified for this program
year, but the Consolidated Plan for 2020-2024 was edited to reflect the appropriate goal outcome
indicators in the SP-45 section.
Does this Jurisdiction have any open Brownfields Economic Development Initiative (BEDI)
grants?
No
[BEDI grantees] Describe accomplishments and program outcomes during the last year.
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CR-45 - CDBG 91.520(c)
Specify the nature of, and reasons for, any changes in the jurisdiction’s program objectives
and indications of how the jurisdiction would change its programs as a result of its
experiences.
The majority of activities outlined in the Action Plan for the Program Year now being reported on
proceeded without any issues. The COVID-19 pandemic has pushed some of the construction projects
into the next program year, due to prohibitions on indoor work and supply chain issues causing rising
costs. Most public services moved their operations online for a time or are now doing a hybrid version of
their services. The need for MANNA Soup Kitchen and the Northampton Survival Center increased
dramatically during the pandemic. No changes in program objectives were identified for this program
year, but the Consolidated Plan for 2020-2024 was edited to reflect the appropriate goal outcome
indicators in the SP-45 section.
Does this Jurisdiction have any open Brownfields Economic Development Initiative (BEDI)
grants?
No
[BEDI grantees] Describe accomplishments and program outcomes during the last year.
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Attachment
2020 PR 26 Financial Summary Report
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2020 CAPER Legal Ad