Opposition Memo 8.3.211
GML GREEN MILES LIPTON, LLP ATTORNEYS AT LAW
JOHN J. GREEN, JR.
77 PLEASANT STREET HARRY L. MILES
P.O. BOX 210 ROGER P. LIPTON
NORTHAMPTON, MA 01061-0210 JOHN M. MCLAUGHLIN*
PHONE (413) 586-8218 *ALSO ADMITTED IN CONNECTICUT
FAX (413) 584-6278 MICHAEL PILL
(Main Office) BRAD A. SHIMEL
SUSAN L. MILES
WESTFIELD OFFICE: DAVID C. KUZMESKI, OF COUNSEL
48 EAST SILVER STREET, SUITE 5 RAYMOND W. ZENKERT, JR., OF COUNSEL***
WESTFIELD, MA 01085 *** ALSO ADMITTED IN OHIO & MICHIGAN
PHONE (413) 642-8367 FAX (413) 579-5357 BRIAN L. BLACKBURN (Dec.)
www.greenmiles.com August 3, 2021
Central Business Architecture Committee
City Hall, 210 Main St., Room 11, Northampton, MA 01060
Re: Application for Demolition of Former St. John Cantius Church, Hawley Street, Northampton
Opposition to Demolition of St. John Cantius Church Building
I. Introductory Statements/Objection
I am John M. Mclaughlin of the Northampton law firm Green Miles Lipton, LLP, representing
Northampton residents Ms. Deborah Henson and Mr. John Dunne (“clients”).
On June 6, 2021, O’Connell Hawley LLC (the “Developer/Applicant”) filed an application with
the Central Business Architecture Committee (“Committee”) to demolish the former St. John Cantius
church building on Hawley Street in Northampton. For the reasons set forth below, we vehemently
object to demolition of St. John Cantius. It is an historic, architecturally valuable building; pursuant to
Northampton city ordinances it is both an “Historic Building” (constructed before 1945) and an
“Historic Landmark Building” (the “Historic Landmark Building”). Many Northampton residents
support my clients in their opposition to destruction of this Historic Landmark Building.
II. The Pertinent Law
While demolition of buildings is normally governed by state law, implemented by the City
Building Commissioner, the City of Northampton has ordinances concerning demolition of buildings in
Northampton. Chapter 161 (“Demolition”). City Ordinance § 161-3 (C) provides, in part, “Applications
for demolition within the Central Business Architecture District will be reviewed by the Central
Business Architecture Committee (created by Chapter 156 of the Code).” The Historic Landmark
Building is located in the Central Business Architecture District. Therefore, your Committee has
jurisdiction in reference to the proposed demolition.
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Chapter 156 of the City Ordinances pertains to your Committee (The CBAC ordinance
provisions). Specifically, City Ordinance § 156-6 provides, in part:
Except for activities exempted above, no building or structure within the Central Business
Architecture District shall be constructed, altered, or demolished in any way without a central
business architecture permit from the Central Business Architecture Committee issued in
accordance with this chapter, nor, without such a permit, shall such activities be issued a building
permit or demolition permit. (See also MGL c. 143, § 3A.) (Emphasis added)
City Ordinance § 156-6 (D) (2) (a) provides:
“Any element of the project or the project in its entirety shall be presumed to meet the standards
necessary for approval if the Committee finds that it meets the Applicability and Design Guidelines
sections in the Design Guidelines Manual” (Emphasis added).
The manual defines Historic “Landmark Buildings” as buildings that:
“ … are architecturally distinctive, usually free-standing buildings, with significant property
setbacks and landscaped spaces on one or more sides. Often, they display distinctive, visible
roofs or roof features. They were frequently built (and are still often used for( [sic] civic,
religious, or cultural purposes. This category also includes some high quality historic residential
buildings.”
This Historic Landmark Building was built in the early 20th century. The Developer/Applicant does not
dispute that it is both an Historic Building (built before 1945) and an Historic Landmark Building.
The manual also contains a specific provision pertaining to demolition of historic buildings in
the district. That provision provides:
Demolition of Historic Buildings (space after heading)
Demolition of historic buildings (those built prior to 1945) should be considered only after all
reasonable alternatives--especially rehabilitation-- have been fully considered. For historic
landmark or theme buildings, demolition should be considered only when the building is
unusable or is functionally and structurally obsolete, and when an appropriate new building has
been designed to replace it. Demolition of historic transitional residential or historic anomaly
buildings should be considered only when the building is unusable or is functionally and
structurally obsolete, and when an appropriate new building has been designed to replace it;
however, an approved new theme building may replace a transitional residential building
regardless of its condition. (Emphasis added)
City Ordinance § 156-6 (B) provides:
The Committee shall use the same public notice and time line requirements for permit
applications as are required under the State Zoning Act (MGL c. 40A) for special permits
and time lines for exercising permits as specified in Chapter 350, Zoning, § 350-4.7.
The State Zoning Act, G.L. c. 40A § 16, “Final unfavorable decisions by permit granting
authorities; reconsideration; withdrawal of petitions for variance or applications for special permit”,
imposes the following time constraints after a denial of an application:
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No appeal, application or petition which has been unfavorably and finally acted upon by the
special permit granting or permit granting authority shall be acted favorably upon within two
years after the date of final unfavorable action unless said special permit granting authority or
permit granting authority finds, by a unanimous vote of a board of three members or by a vote of
four members of a board of five members or two-thirds vote of a board of more than five
members, specific and material changes in the conditions upon which the previous unfavorable
action was based, and describes such changes in the record of its proceedings, and unless all but
one of the members of the planning board consents thereto and after notice is given to parties in
interest of the time and place of the proceedings when the question of such consent will be
considered (Emphasis added)
City Ordinance § 156-6 (D)(3) provides:
If the Committee finds that owing to conditions especially affecting the building or structures
involved, but not affecting the district generally, failure to approve an application will involve a
substantial hardship, financial or otherwise, to the applicant and whether such application may
be approved without substantial detriment to the public welfare and without substantial
derogation from the intent and purposes of this chapter, it shall issue an central business
architecture permit. (Emphasis added)
III. What This Committee Must Decide
To issue a demolition permit for the Historic Landmark Building this Committee must decide if
the following “Demolition Criteria” have been satisfied:
1. All reasonable alternative utilizations for the Historic Landmark Building have been considered.
AND
2. The Historic Landmark Building is unusable.
OR
3. The Historic Landmark Building is functionally obsolete AND structurally obsolete.
AND
4. The Historic Landmark Building is being replaced by buildings appropriately designed for the
Downtown Business District.
Additionally, before this Committee even considers the merits of the pending application, you
must decide whether the application is properly before you, in light of the fact that this Committee
correctly denied the same application on April 6, 2021.
IV. “Substantial Financial Hardship” requirement has not been met.
If this Committee was to decide on the demolition permit by simply looking at the plain language
of the Demolition Criteria (See “Law” section above) and putting all claims of “financial hardship”
aside, the permit should not be granted.
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1. Not all reasonable alternative uses have been fully considered. The Developer/Applicant has not
proposed any reasonable alternatives for using the Historic Landmark Building that include other
land historically associated with the Building. The St. John Cantius church property contained:
(a) the church;
(b) a rectory, which was itself an Historic Building in this district, constructed in 1916;
(c) a community building;
(d) parking areas adjacent to those buildings; and
(e) parking areas located across the street from the church on Phillips Place.
The alternative uses considered to date only utilize little more than the land directly around and
under the Historic Landmark Building.
2. While the Historic Landmark Building is not currently in active use, both the Developer/Applicant
and those in opposition to the demolition have shown that there are other uses that for the building. It
is clearly “usable.”
3. While the building is not currently being used as a house of worship, it is not functionally obsolete.
Both the both the Developer/Applicant and those in opposing demolition have shown that there are
commercial and residential uses for the building.
4. While there has been some deferred maintenance problems, it is not structurally obsolete. It can be
repaired. Both the Developer/ Applicant and those opposing demolition have submitted plans that
show how the building could be adapted to multiple different proposed uses.
5. As in the prior failed application for demolition of the Historic Landmark Building (see below), the
Developer/Applicant proposes to replace the building with new structures designed to be purely
residential. To the best of my knowledge, the ordinances for the Downtown Business District require
commercial use for at least the first 20 feet in depth of the first floor. The proposed replacement
structures violate the city’s ordinances and therefore cannot be built.
Yet, the Developer/Applicant, while not explicitly referencing City Ordinance § 156-6 (D)(3),
nonetheless, wants this Committee to approve its proposed demolition the Historic Landmark Building
based on a substantial hardship argument; the gist of the argument is that:
a. This Committee must consider the substantial financial hardship pertaining to only the four walls and
roof of the Historic Landmark Building. The multiple millions of dollars being made from
developing land associated with the Historic Landmark Building should not be considered;
b. None of the other land historically associated with the Historic Landmark Building can be
considered for any potential future use of the Building (e.g. parking across the street);
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c. With this segmented misleading analysis, the Developer/Applicant contends it would be difficult for
the Developer/Applicant to make significant amount of money (or possibly even lose some money)
repairing the Historic Landmark Building and using it for a different purpose; and
d. Therefore, based upon this inaccurate economic viability/financial hardship analysis, the
Developer/Applicant wants your approval to demolish the Historic Landmark Building.
The Developer/Applicant’s substantial financial hardship argument ignores many important
facts:
a. In March 2020 the Developer/Applicant Purchased the Historic Landmark Building as part of larger
acquisition where the Developer/Applicant and a related jointly controlled company, O’Connell
Hawley II LLC (the “Related Developer”), obtained the land and other buildings historically
associated with the Historic Landmark Building.
b. The Developer/Applicant and the Related Developer purchased the Historic Landmark Building and
its rectory (constructed in 1916), knowing that city ordinances restrict demolition of historic
buildings (the church and the rectory) and historic landmark buildings.
c. In December 2019 the Developer/Applicant, as a contract-purchaser, applied for permit from this
Committee to demolish the rectory and the community building. In its written presentation for that
application the Developer/Applicant said “None of the buildings on the site are included in the
Historic Register or are restricted in terms of demolition, however the church is a notable structure
in the neighborhood and the goal is to find a way to eventually redevelop it.” (Emphasis added). See
Exhibit A attached.
d. The statement quoted above is not true. The rectory was constructed in 1916; it was an historic
building in your district. Your manual provides “Demolition of historic buildings (those built prior
to 1945) should be considered only after all reasonable alternatives--especially rehabilitation--
have been fully considered” (Emphasis added).
e. Unfortunately, from the records available to me, it does not appear the Developer/Applicant
presented any reasonable alternatives and/or the possible rehabilitation alternatives for the rectory
building. The Committee granted approval for the demolition of the rectory building.
f. In November 2020 the Developer/Applicant created an ANR (Approval Not Required under the
subdivision control law) plan whereby the Historic Landmark Building is left with hardly any of the
land historically associated with the building. There is no parking area at all. Even some of the
sidewalks are excluded. See Exhibit B.
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g. After receiving zoning relief, the Developer/Applicant is creating a massive new development which
should generate millions of dollars in profit, using the land historically associated with the Historic
Landmark Building.
The variance/hardship language of City Ordinance § 156-6 (D)(3) is very similar to: (a) the
Massachusetts statute for zoning variances, G.L. c. 40A § 10; and (b) the Massachusetts statute for
economic hardship variances pursuant to the Historic District statutes, G.L. c. 40C § 10(c). Cases
construing these statutes provide persuasive authority for construing City Ordinance § 156-6 (D)(3).
To qualify for an economic hardship variance pursuant to the Historic District hardship variance
statute, G.L. c. 40C § 10(c), it is not enough for an applicant to simply show that it will cost the
applicant more money to abide by the historic protection provisions; abiding by historical preservation
statutes in order to protect historic properties may indeed cost the applicant more money. See Federated
Church v. Historic Dist. Com’n, Town of Edgartown, 1995 WL(WestLaw online data base) 1146196
(Superior Court, 1995). In the Federated Church case a church argued that it should receive a financial
hardship variance from the historic district’s mandate to use wooden clapboards because the clapboards
were more expensive than the vinyl siding the church wished to use. The district did not find this
argument compelled a financial hardship variance and the court agreed. This committee should also
consider that a zoning variance pursuant to G.L. c. 40A § 10, cannot be based upon a self-created
hardship. See Raia v. Board of Appeals of North Reading, 4 Mass.App.Ct. 318, 347 N.E.2d 694 (1976)
(decided under prior version of statute).
Your substantial economic hardship provision, City Ordinance § 156-6 (D)(3) provides that the
subject analysis can be for more than one single building, “building or structures.” In light of the fact
that there were two structures on the church property (the church and the rectory) which would have
required detailed analysis from this Committee, the Developer/Applicant should have come forward
with an application with reference to both structures; or, at a minimum, the profits being made from the
rectory land must be considered when analyzing the church.
Pursuant to City Ordinance § 156-6 (D)(3), a financial hardship variance cannot be granted
unless it can be approved “without substantial detriment to the public welfare and without substantial
derogation from the intent and purposes of this chapter” (Emphasis added). The Committee has a
clear statutory duty of “preserving historic and architecturally valuable buildings” (See § 156-1).
Based upon the facts in this case and the pertinent law, the Developer/Applicant is not entitled to a
financial hardship variance.
The Developer/Applicant is intentionally segmenting the development of land associated with
the Historic Landmark Building and has even made misstatements to this Committee in an attempt to
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avoid its legal obligations to protect the Historic Landmark Building. Its alleged financial hardship is
largely self-created and its actions to date are, at best, questionable.
To grant this particular applicant substantial financial hardship relief would not be in conformity
with the law. It is simply not reasonable for this Developer/Applicant to claim “economic hardship”
when it stands to make multiple millions of dollars from the church land, especially since the
Developer/Applicant was somehow allowed to demolish the church rectory without ever properly setting
forth the grounds for that demolition.
This committee should deny the application based on the plain language of the manual. If the
Committee decides to go beyond the plain language of the manual and consider some type of financial
viability argument with reference to the Demolition Criteria, then: (a) the millions of dollars of profits
being made on land historically associated with the Historic Landmark Building must be considered; and
(b) when considering reasonable alternative uses for the Historic Landmark Building the Committee can
and should consider land historically associated with the church.
If you accept the financial hardship argument presented by this Developer/Applicant, you will set
a precedent that will invite other similar applications to demolish Historic Landmark Buildings in our
city. For example, if this application for demolition is allowed based upon the economic viability
argument/financial hardship arguments made by this Developer/Applicant, a future developer (or maybe
even the same developer) could come before this Committee to demolish the St. Mary’s church. That
developer could segment the St. Mary’s property and intensively develop all of the land historically used
for parking and the rectory for St. Mary’s church for a very large profit and then argue that there is no
viable economic use for the St. Mary’s church building because it lacks parking and because use of the
church building, in isolation, is not profitable. This Committee should not allow this type of project
segmentation. That is not how the city’s provisions to protect Historic Landmark Buildings are meant to
be implemented by this Committee.
V. Grounds for the Objection
Based on the language of the manual and city ordinances, this Committee cannot issue a permit
for the demolition of the Historic Landmark Building for a variety of reasons, including:
1. All reasonable alternative uses for the Historic Landmark Building have not been considered. Future
uses for the building must include using historical church land beyond the land included in the recent
ANR plan.
2. The Historic Landmark Building is “usable” even though it is not currently in active use. The
Developer/Applicant and those opposed to the demolition have all proposed uses for the building.
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Any maintenance deficiencies can be readily repaired and the cost of sealing the building from the
weather for the time being is only a fraction of the amount claimed by the Developer/Applicant.
3. The Historic Landmark Building is not structurally obsolete. The physical condition of the building
can be restored to current safety standards. If this Committee considers economic viability
arguments on this point, you must also consider: (a) the total profit the Developer/Applicant will
ultimately make on the entire project including the land historically associated with the Historic
Landmark Building; (b) future uses which include using historical church land beyond the land
included in the recent ANR plan; and (c) the inaccurate calculations given by the
Developer/Applicant for its economic viability argument, which itself is flawed in that it does not
take into account 3 (a) and 3(b), set forth above.
4. The Historic Landmark Building is not functionally obsolete. There are multiple future uses of the
building which would be economically viable when, as set forth above, (a) millions of dollars of
profits being made on land historically associated with the Historic Landmark Building are
considered; and (b) when considering reasonable alternative uses for the Historic Landmark Building
the Committee can and should consider land historically associated with the church.
5. Also, the inaccurate calculations given by the Developer/Applicant for its economic viability
argument are already flawed in that they do not take into account 4 (a) and 4(b), set forth above.
6. The proposed replacement buildings are not “appropriate” because they do not include the
commercial element normally mandated by City Ordinances in the Central Business District
VI. All reasonable alternative utilizations for the Historic Landmark Building have not been
fully considered.
While multiple, alternative uses for the Historic Landmark Building have been considered, not
all reasonable alternatives have been considered. Most significantly, alternative uses for the Historic
Landmark Building which include using historical church land beyond the land included in the recent
ANR plan have not been considered. The Committee should at least consider land beyond the ANR plan
created by the Developer/Applicant. That plan did not even give the Historic Landmark Building the
entire sidewalk around the building. This concocted lack of land for the Historic Landmark Building
should not prevent this Committee from at requiring alternative uses where the Historic Landmark
Building is able to utilize more land. Such uses could affect the Developer/Applicant’s claims of
economic detriment.
The currently vacant property on Phillips Place, across the street from the Historic Landmark
Building, historically was the parking lot for St. John Cantius Church. This Committee should demand
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that the Developer/Applicant submit alternative utilizations using that property along with the Historic
Landmark Building.
My clients understand that the area in question is owned by O’Connell Hawley II LLC (the
“related developer”). The Developer/Applicant and the related developer are simply shell companies
both controlled by the same entity and/or individuals. Printouts from the Secretary of State showing the
interrelationship of the two entities are attached hereto as Exhibit C. By submitting plans for such
reasonable alternatives the Developer/Applicant would not be bound to implement such uses.
Nonetheless, such alternative uses must be at least submitted and considered before this Committee can
even consider issuing a permit allowing for demolition of the Historic Landmark Building.
VII. The Historic Landmark Building is usable
The Historic Landmark Building is usable. The Developer/Applicant and those in opposition
have set forth a variety of possible uses for the Historic Landmark Building. My clients understand that
some significant amount of money will be required to improve the Historic Landmark Building for new
use. However, any current maintenance problems with reference to the Historic Landmark Building do
not mean it is not “usable.”
If the Committee decides to consider economic viability factors when considering whether the
Historic Landmark Building is “usable” then you should require the Developer/Applicant to provide
considerably more information and alternative plans. The Developer/Applicant should disclose:
1. What amount profit it intends to make on the entire project which utilizes the land historically
associated with the Historic Landmark Building (see argument above).
2. What kind of income could be generated through various alternative uses for the Historic Landmark
Building while using land from across the street (see argument above).
Without taking these factors into account the Committee cannot evaluate the economic viability
contentions with reference to the “usability” of the Historic Landmark Building.
The numbers utilized by the Developer/Applicant in its economic viability arguments are
inherently flawed for the reasons referenced above. Additionally, my clients do not agree with the
numbers in the Developer/Applicant’s flawed economic viability argument. Attached as Exhibit D is
my clients’ detailed cost analysis with reference to utilizing the Historic Landmark Building for
residential purposes.
My clients’ analysis shows that even using the Developer/Applicant’s flawed economic viability
parameters (no parking for the building and not considering profits from the entire project) the future
use of the Historic Landmark Building for residential use is still economically viable. Further reports
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and/or testimony from my clients’ supporters including the architect, Mr. Tris, Metcalfe and a
developmental consultant, Mr. Bill Kraus, will support this position.
Additionally, clients’ supporters will speak to the issue of tax credits. Despite the
Developer/Applicant’s statements to the contrary, with proper applications and with proper actions
taken, re-use of the Historic Landmark Building could qualify for tax credits.
Essentially, my clients’ experts contend that the numbers submitted by the Developer/Applicant
are not accurate. The most glaring inaccuracy is the Developer/Applicant’s contention that to simply
secure the building against inclement weather would cost over $1 million. This is clearly wrong.
While it may cost some significant amount of money to repair the exterior of the building for a
new use, it would not cost anywhere near that amount to simply secure the building against inclement
weather. The Developer/Applicant does not have to put on an entire new roof or re-point all of the bricks
on the entire building to secure the building from inclement weather. All that needs to be done, for now,
is to repair specific areas of the roof that are leaking and the specific areas of the walls where water may
have been coming in.
For a fraction of the cost claimed by the Developer/Applicant the Historic Landmark Building
would then be secure. This Committee could reconsider an application for demolition in the future if all
of the proper criteria are satisfied. Once an alternative use for the Historic Landmark Building is decided
upon and approved, the Developer/Applicant could then do the more extensive exterior repairs.
VIII. The Historic Landmark Building is not functionally obsolete and structurally obsolete
All of the statements, arguments, and exhibits referenced above in Sections VI and VII are
incorporated herein. When one considers a reasonable economic viability/financial hardship analysis,
the Historic Landmark Building is not functionally or structurally obsolete. The Developer/Applicant
stands to make multiple millions of dollars in profit from the church land even if some amount of money
is lost on the utilization of the church building itself. This is hardly an economic hardship. Additionally,
if some amount of the church land is used with the future utilization of the Historic Landmark Building
the future utilization will clearly be more economically viable. Finally, as referenced above, even if we
use the Developer/Applicant’s flawed economic viability/financial hardship analysis my clients’
numbers show that the Historic Landmark Building is still not functionally and structurally obsolete.
The committee should note that the Developer/Applicant’s contentions pertaining the economic
viability with reference to structural obsolescence and functional obsolescence are essentially the same.
Yet, these are two entirely different factors. The manual states that this committee must find that the
Historic Landmark Building is BOTH functionally obsolete and structurally obsolete before you issue a
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permit to demolish the building. Because these two factors are separately listed you should not conflate
the two factors into one factor.
At the last committee hearing pertaining to a prior application for the demolition of the Historic
Landmark Building a committee member said:
“…Really, the only thing that we are charged to decide tonight is whether the developer has
shown us that the building is functionally obsolete and not practical to use. That’s really the only
thing that’s in front of us to decide.”
This is not an accurate statement. Based upon the manual there are two separate and distinct
questions for the committee:
(a) Can the function of the Historic Landmark Building not be changed such that it is functionally
obsolete? AND
(b) Is the structure of the building so bad that it cannot be feasibly repaired and it is structurally
obsolete?
The ordinances clearly shows these as two separate and distinct questions. Also, by specifically
delineating structural obsolescence as a separate, additional, mandatory factor is clear that the
ordinances requires the structure of building in question to be in an irreparably horrible condition before
there can be a demolition approved.
While functional obsolescence is more susceptible to economic viability considerations,
structural obsolescence requires a different analysis. Please understand that for a building to be
structurally obsolete it must be in such a bad state that it has gotten to the point where it could not be
feasibly refurbished to current safety standards. The Historic Landmark Building may have some current
maintenance deficiencies but it is certainly not structurally obsolete. See also Pittsfield church
repurposing developer David Carver’s letter of August 2, 2021, to your committee which is attached
hereto as Exhibit D, discussing the building structure of Catholic churches of this era. This is a
developer who has actually saved and redeveloped old churches in this area. He would appear to have
far more expertise in such matters than anyone who is making claims on behalf of the
Developer/Applicant.
Perhaps the Committee should request access to the building such that they can make
observations to determine if the building’s structure is beyond hope. My clients and their experts are
quite certain the building is not structurally obsolete.
While my clients contend that the Historic Landmark Building is neither functionally obsolete
more structurally obsolete, it should be clear that the Developer/Applicant has not submitted sufficient
evidence to prove that the Historic Landmark Building is structurally obsolete. To obtain the demolition
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permit the Developer/Applicant must prove BOTH of these elements; therefore, the application must be
denied.
IX. An appropriate new building has not been designed to replace the Historic Landmark
Building
According to the written decision, the Developer/Applicant’s prior application for demolition of
the Historic Landmark Building was denied precisely because the new buildings proposed to take the
place of the Historic Landmark Building were not appropriate. The committee correctly took note of the
fact that the proposed new buildings were not designed to have commercial use on the first floor. The
new buildings were therefore not “appropriate” because they clearly violated the existing ordinance
requirements for the Central Business district.
The situation remains exactly the same today. The new buildings proposed to take the place of
the Historic Landmark Building are clearly designed to be nothing more than high-end condominium
units for rich people only. These proposed replacement buildings:
1. front on the streets located in the Central Business District;
2. have residential uses on the first floor; and
3. Are clearly not designed to have commercial uses in the first 20 feet of the first floor.
In fact, in the narrative with this application the Developer/Applicant says, with reference to the
design of the five (5) high end luxury townhomes “This solution is compatible in scale and density with
the residential neighborhood and offers a similar relationship between the car and dwelling unit as the
buildings currently under construction, yet maintains its own character and architectural expression.”
(Emphasis added), but this is not a residential neighborhood. It is a commercial neighborhood which
mandates commercial use on the first floors of the building at least for up to 20 feet in depth.
The existing ordinance “use requirements” in the Central Business District still clearly do not
allow the buildings proposed by the Developer/Applicant. The ordinance provides that residential use is
allowed in the Central Business District for residential use:
1. Above the first floor,
2. Located to the rear of otherwise permitted nonresidential uses that occupy a space at least 20 feet
deep; and
3. On a property which does not abut on a public way or public park (however, not classifying rail trails
as public parks) maintained by the City.
The ordinance also states that “Home businesses are considered residential uses for these
purposes.” That means homeowners cannot claim that they are going to operate home business in the first
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20 feet of the first floor. Home business is residential use that cannot be used to make a claim of
commercial use on the first floor.
It also does not appear that there is any actual proposed ordinance amendment to allow for first
floor residential use in the Central Business district currently before the City Council. In the past the
Northampton Planning officials have stated that such a change would be part of their form-based
ordinance amendment. Those proposed amendments do not appear to be currently before the City
Council and it could be months before they are even brought to City Council.
The Developer/Applicant’s eagerness to demolish the Historic Landmark Building is the
apparent reason for the current flawed application. The proposed replacement buildings for the Historic
Landmark Building are not “appropriate” replacements because they are designed for what is currently
an illegal use. For this reason alone, the application must be denied, as it was last time.
X. The Denial of a Prior Application
As referenced above, this Committee denied an earlier application of the Developer/Applicant to
demolish the Historic Landmark Building. That decision was made on April 6, 2021. The
Developer/Applicant filed an appeal from that decision with the Planning Board on May 7, 2021. I am
now told by the planning department that the appeal has been withdrawn although the paperwork may
not yet be available online. That means that your correct and justified denial of the demolition permit
from April is now final.
In April the Developer/Applicant did not ask to withdraw its application without prejudice; the
Committee denied the application. City Ordinance § 156-6 (B) provides:
The Committee shall use the same public notice and time line requirements for permit
applications as are required under the State Zoning Act (MGL c. 40A) for special permits
and time lines for exercising permits as specified in Chapter 350, Zoning, § 350-4.7.
G.L. c. 40A § 16, entitled “Final unfavorable decisions by permit granting authorities;
reconsideration; withdrawal of petitions for variance or applications for special permit,” is a provision of
the State Zoning Act as to time constraints for Special Permits after a denial of an application for the
same relief. It states in pertinent part:
No appeal, application or petition which has been unfavorably and finally acted upon
by the special permit granting or permit granting authority shall be acted favorably upon
within two years after the date of final unfavorable action unless said special permit
granting authority or permit granting authority finds, by a unanimous vote of a board of
three members or by a vote of four members of a board of five members or two-thirds
vote of a board of more than five members, specific and material changes in the
conditions upon which the previous unfavorable action was based, and describes such
changes in the record of its proceedings, and unless all but one of the members of the
planning board consents thereto and after notice is given to parties in interest of the time
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and place of the proceedings when the question of such consent will be considered
(Emphasis added)
City Ordinance § 156-6 (B) states that the Committee should use the time line requirements for
applications for special permits found in the State Zoning Act. Under G.L. c. 40A § 16 it is very difficult
to reapply within two years of a denial without undertaking other significant procedures. The
Developer/Applicant has clearly had a denial within two years of this application.
Indeed, aside from the provisions referenced above, City Ordinance chapter 156, does not allow
an applicant who was denied a permit to come back before the Committee seeking the same relief.
Indeed, in this case the basis for the prior denial still appears to be totally valid. While the Committee
may have contemplated that the Developer/Applicant would return with the new application after the
ordinances had changed in the central business district, that has yet to happen. Even without referencing
G.L. c. 40A § 16, there appears to be no justification for the Developer/Applicant to return with this
new application at this time.
XI. The Developer/Applicant’s italicized language
The Committee should focus on certain words that have been italicized in the presentation made
by the Developer/Applicant. In its presentation the Developer/Applicant said:
Chapter 161. Demolition
§161-3: Buildings and structures regulated by this chapter.
Buildings or structures located within Local Historic Districts are subject to the provisions of
Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 40C. Applications for demolition in such districts will be
reviewed as part of the Historic District permitting process. Applications for demolition within
the Central Business Architecture District will be reviewed by the Central Business Architecture
Committee (created by Chapter 156 of the Code) (emphasis added). If any of the above-
mentioned should cease to exist, the Northampton Historical Commission would administer this
chapter in those areas. The Historical Commission will review demolition applications in all
other areas of the City.
The italicizations of these words could mean that the Developer/Applicant believes your
Committee can “review the application” but does not have the power deny the permit, or if you do deny
the permit, the Developer/Applicant can nonetheless proceed with demolition. Such a reading of §161-3
is totally inconsistent with City Ordinance § 156-6 (see above) which provides, in part:
Except for activities exempted above, no building or structure within the Central Business
Architecture District shall be constructed, altered, or demolished in any way without a central
business architecture permit from the Central Business Architecture Committee issued in
accordance with this chapter, nor, without such a permit, shall such activities be issued a building
permit or demolition permit. (See also MGL c. 143, § 3A.) (Emphasis added)