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Green Streets 101-March 2012.pptxGreen Streets Northampton, MA 3/29/12 Doug Bisson Sustainable Communities Building Blocks Program EPA Office of Sustainable Communities Session One: Green Streets 101 Session One Overview Introductions Workshop Overview Green Street Definitions Background Principles Design Concepts Implementation Challenges & Solutions Trends Discussion Introductions EPA Staff Jurisdiction Staff Elected Officials Key Stakeholders Green Streets Consultants Other Agenda/Workshop Overview Pre-Workshop Activity Green Street Audit Workshop Activity Afternoon Session: Community Reconnaissance Tour Session One: Green Streets 101 Session Two: Green Streets Report Card Session Three: Green Streets Implementation Session Four: Summary Presentation Post-Workshop Activity Background Program Overview EPA Office of Sustainable Communities EPA Building Blocks for Sustainable Communities Initiative Transform Technical Assistance Work Build on Lessons Learned During First Round Smart Growth Implementation Assistance Program Help Overcome Barriers to Smart Growth Inform and Educate Support Implementation Green Streets Strategy Tool Green Streets Definition ”A street that uses natural processes to manage runoff at its source” EPA - “Green Streets: A Conceptual guide to effective Green Streets Solutions” ”A street right-of-way that, through a variety of design and operational treatments, gives priority to pedestrian circulation and open space over other transportation uses” City of Seattle - “Right-of-way Improvements Manual” Green Streets Definition (Cont.) ”Greenstreets enrich the city streets by adding lushness and color to the concrete and asphalt hardscape. These roadside gardens add natural beauty to otherwise barren spaces. Furthermore, Greenstreets help clean the air and cool the city, while providing food and habitat for migratory birds and pollinators.” New York city Global Partners - “Best Practice: Greenstreets: Greening Roadways” Green Streets Principles Reduce Storm Water Flow Improve Water Quality Reduce Urban Heating Enhance Pedestrian Safety Reduce Carbon Footprint Beautify Neighborhoods Complete/Multi-Modal Streets Catalyst for Redevelopment Reduce Stormwater Flow This can be done by the following: Reduce peak flow Reduce flow volumes Reduce duration of erosive flows How? Reduce impervious surfaces Retain/plant new trees Promote infiltration/peak flow attenuation Strategies: Enhanced vegetation and landscaping strategies Engineered bioretention soil mixes designed to promote infiltration and water quality treatment Roughen flow path with plantings and rock to attenuate runoff velocities and provide additional infiltration, decreasing the volume of discharge through pipes to nearby water bodies Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.lisatown.com on 3.8.2012 Improve Water Quality Reduce pollution-generating impervious surfaces Retain trees Remove pollutants Settling Filtration Infiltration Plant uptake Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.wordpress.com on 3.8.2012 Source: Downloaded from www.wilkeseastna.org on 3.19.2012 Reduce Urban Heating Decrease impermeable surfaces areas and augment vegetative cover Lessen the amount of radiation absorbed by the surface Decrease ambient air temperature Lower energy demands needed to cool urban areas Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.portlandonline.com on 3.8.2012 Enhance Pedestrian Safety Alternative street designs Calm traffic Provide alternative commuting options Enhance walkability and aesthetics for pedestrians Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.myballard.org on 3.7.2012 Reduce Carbon Footprint Encourage a shift in the way people choose to commute through: Safer pedestrian environments Bike lanes Beautified streetscape Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.blogspot.com on 3.7.2012 Source: Downloaded from www.transitmiami.com on 3.19.2012 Beautify Neighborhoods Increase amount and variety of vegetation Introduce alternative materials and orientation for roads and sidewalks Improve pedestrian experience Enhance the character of the community Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.cbtrust.org on 3.8.2012 Source: Downloaded from www.sws-sssd.org on 3.19.2012 Complete / Multi-Modal Streets Accommodate a variety of modes: Pedestrian Bicycle Transit Automobile Context Sensitive Safe and Enjoyable Photo Area Source: Downloaded from wiki.coe.neu.edu on 3.19.2012 Catalyst for Redevelopment Development Framework / Enhancement Special Community Values “Progressive” Character Tap into infrastructure Photo Area Green Streets Design Concepts There are many design elements that can be used They can be used individually or in combination with other elements Green Streets Implementation Tools Checklist Infiltration Strategies Surface Treatments Other opportunities Evaluation of Regional Physical Characteristics Soil Type Infiltration Rate Climate Temperature Annual Precipitation Volume Storm Intensity Flood Risk Population/development Density Northeast Predominately silty soils Relatively good infiltration rates Moderately high annual precipitation volume Low intensity storms Above average flood risk Source: Downloaded from meted.ucar.edu on 3.7.2012 Generally, sandy soils have higher infiltration rates than silty soils. Source: Downloaded from meted.ucar.edu on 3.7.2012 Very small amounts of silt can inhibit infiltration. Source: Downloaded from meted.ucar.edu on 3.7.2012 Silts and clays have their place to support vegetative growth. Must balance silts and clays with sand and gravel. Source: Downloaded from img392.imageshack.us on 3.7.2012 For areas with snow and ice, do not use sand or de-icing salt, or shift facilities away from threat. Source: Downloaded from www.learnnc.org on 3.7.2012 Consider appropriate plants (i.e. drought tolerant, native, etc.), rainfall intensity, and duration. Source: Downloaded from www.learnnc.org on 3.7.2012 Mean is one thing, can get a significant portion all at once. Source: Downloaded from www.5601-newswatch.voxcdn.com on 3.7.2012 Typically do not put in flood-prone areas (i.e. 100 and 500-year flood zones). Look at on a site by site basis. Source: Downloaded from mapofusa.net on 3.7.2012 US Population Density Green Streets Site Context Evaluation Urban Suburban Rural Urban Characteristics High traffic (vehicular, bike, ped) Limited available space Work around utilities Multi-purpose design, combine elements Effective project types Utilize Checklist Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.surfrider.org on 3.7.2012 Source: Downloaded from www.asla.org on 3.19.2012 Suburban Characteristics Design details based on available space and what is down-stream from site New and retrofit Incorporate existing landscape elements Effective project types Utilize Checklist Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.dot.ca.gov on 3.7.2012 Source: Downloaded from wiki.coe.neu.edu on 3.19.2012 Rural Characteristics Less dense Use of given ROW Wide expanses of pavement Effective project types Utilize Checklist Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.dot.ca.gov on 3.8.2012 Source: Downloaded from www.aurecongroup.com on 3.19.2012 Green Streets Case Studies by Region Northeast South Midwest Northwest Southwest Northeast Western Avenue – Cambridge, MA Alternative street design Raised cycle tracks reduce conflicts and promote non-vehicular travel Streetscape enhancements reinforce residential character Road diets reduce speeds and create open space opportunities Rain gardens Treatment of stormwater runoff through infiltration Pervious asphalt cycle track Reduce untreated runoff to Charles River Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www2.cambridgema.gov on 3.9.2012 Source: Downloaded from Livabalestreets.info on 3.20.2012 Northeast Capital Project #1– Tredyffrin Township, PA Alternative Street Design Road diet allows for rain garden curb extensions and sidewalk installation Concrete sidewalks with ADA pedestrian ramps were added to underserved routes Route was defined by Planning Board Sidewalk Subcommittee Raised pedestrian crosswalk increases pedestrian visibility Rain Gardens with Check Dams at Curb Extensions Intercept flow from roadway and sidewalk, infiltrating stormwater into the ground Infiltration Trench Along Route Trenches under concrete sidewalks intercept and infiltrate flow from roadway and parcels Source: Downloaded from www.tredyffrin.org on 3.9.2012 Source: Downloaded from www.brentonla.com on 3.19.2012 Sidewalks and Opportunity Source: Downloaded from www.tredyffrin.org on 3.9.2012 Source: Downloaded from www.tredyffrin.org on 3.9.2012 Source: Downloaded from www.tredyffrin.org on 3.9.2012 Google Maps – Keller Road at W. Conestoga Road 19312 Northeast Jordan Cove LID Subdivision – Waterford, CT Low Impact Design Subdivision Cluster design of homes allows for more open space preservation and shorter driveways Pervious pavers and grass swales were used to replace traditional catch basins and curb and gutter systems Road dieting reduced street widths from 28’ to 20’ Required waiver from City One-way cul-de-sac with Bioretention Island Rain Gardens Intercept overland roof drain flow for treatment, infiltration, and evapotranspiration Pervious Pavers Infiltrate stormwater runoff from roadway Photo Area Source: Downloaded from jordancove.uconn.edu Source: Downloaded from plannersweb.com on 3/19/2012 South Green Government Center– Jackson, MI Indigenous and drought-tolerant landscaping Attenuation of stormwater runoff Provide shade for pedestrians Rain gardens Treatment of stormwater runoff through infiltration Permeable paving systems Increase infiltration of runoff Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.media-cdn.tripadvisor.com on 3.7.2012 Source: Downloaded from www.media-cdn.tripadvisor.com on 3.15.2012 South Juniper Street – Atlanta, GA Alternative street design Provide alternative commuting options Enhance safety and aesthetics for pedestrians Provide greater pedestrian safety and walkability Bioswale system Attenuate stormwater flows Alleviate stress on CSO’s through bioswale infiltration Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.midtown.patch.com on 3.7.2012 Source: Downloaded from tswdesign.files.wordpress.com on 3.15.2012 South Main Street corridor – Little Rock, AR Rain gardens with native plants Attenuate stormwater flows Treat stormwater through infiltration Street trees Native species tolerate urban environments Provide shade for pedestrians Reduced ambient air temperature Permeable pavement Decrease stormwater runoff Alternative street design Active pedestrian environment Equitable mobility Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.architecture.uark.edu on 3.7.2012 Source: Downloaded from www.nea.gov on 3.15.2012 Midwest CDOT Green Alleys – Chicago, IL Permeable Pavements Attenuate stormwater runoff Open bottom catch basins Capture water and funnel it into the ground High-albedo pavement Reflect sunlight instead of absorbing, reducing the Heat Island Effect Recycled Materials Concrete aggregate, slag, and recycled tire rubber Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.cityofchicago.org on 3.7.2012 Source: Downloaded from www.concretethinker.com on 3.15.2012 Midwest Prairie Crossing Subdivision – Grayslake, IL Alternative street edges, vegetated swales, bioretention, and preservation of natural areas Reduction in magnitude and velocity of runoff Increase in runoff infiltration, helping sustain low flows during summer Improve water quality Alternative walkway materials Increase pervious area Reduce stormwater runoff through infiltration Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.googleapis.com on 3.7.2012 Source: Downloaded from www.epa.gov on 3.15.2012 Midwest Autumn Trails – Moline, IL Permeable paving systems Increase runoff through infiltration Eliminate need for conventional storm-water drainage Savings from alternate paving materials were cost-competitive with conventional asphalts and concrete pavements Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.lowimpactdevlopment.org on 3.7.2012 Source: Downloaded from www.cement.org on 3.15.2012 Northwest Broadview Green Grid - Seattle Public Utilities and SDOT Increase in landscaped areas Reduce runoff quantity and velocity Increase runoff infiltration, helping sustain low flows during summer Improve water quality Sidewalk addition Calm traffic Provide greater pedestrian safety and walkability Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.google.com on 3.7.2012 Source: Downloaded from www.meted.ucar.edu on 3.15.2012 Northwest Crown Street, Vancouver, British Columbia Roadside swales, vegetation, and structural grass Collect and infiltrate roadway runoff Street widths reduction Create a pedestrian-friendly transportation corridor Calm traffic Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.blogspot.com on 3.7.2012 Source: Downloaded from s3.amazonaws.com on 3.15.2012 Northwest NE Siskiyou Green Street – Portland Bureau of Environmental Services Landscaped stormwater curbed extensions Attenuate stormwater flows Enhance water quality through infiltration Provide greater pedestrian safety and walkability Beautify landscape Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.dutchdialogues.com on 3.7.2012 Source: Downloaded from 3.bp.blogspot.com on 3.19.2012 Southwest Lower Grand Avenue – Phoenix, AZ Native plant landscaping Capture and treat stormwater runoff Increase recharge Reduce the effect of the urban heat island Provide shade to pedestrians Alternative street design Rerouting of street through under-used park area Equitable mobility Support the ongoing economic revitalization of Grand Avenue Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.phoenix.gov on 3.7.2012 Source: Downloaded from www.phoenix.gov on 3.15.2012 Southwest 22nd Street Corridor Plan – Tucson, AZ Alternative street design Active pedestrian environment Provide alternative commuting options Decrease the number of residential and commercial relocations Reduce the impact of traffic and noise on the adjoining neighborhood Native plant landscaping Capture and treat stormwater runoff Increase recharge Reduce the effect of the urban heat island Provide shade to pedestrians Photo Area Source: Downloaded from cms3.tucsonaz.gov on 3.15.2012 Source: Downloaded www.urbanindy.com on 3.15.2012 Implementation Challenges Maintenance Weather Narrow Streets Land Consumption Multi-purpose Benefits Regulations Funding Trends Maintenance Long-term O&M standards and guidelines i.e. Bellevue, WA Staff training/skills – a shift Regional considerations Pressure wash and vacuum sweep 2X/year Budgeting ensures success! A Line item to allow for maintenance Photo Area Source: City of Bellevue, WA, Storm and Surface Water Maintenance Standards, February, 2010. Weather Mean annual precipitation Rainfall intensity Temperature Snow accumulation Snow management practices Photo Area Source: Downloaded from images.tbd.com on 3.15.2012 Narrow Streets Photo Area Source: Downloaded from buildinggreen.com on 3.15.2012 Source: Downloaded from .gaslightvillage.org on 3.15.2012 Traffic calming Relatively high cost-benefit on GSI investments Creativity counts! Land Consumption Prioritize design solutions that provide multiple benefits and maximize space Reduce land consumption and save on ROW acquisition Silva Cell tree planter system Rain garden Street tree Pervious paving Multi-purpose Benefits Design to provide large-scale multi-purpose benefits across entire watersheds/basins Bel-Red Corridor in WA Integrates: Co-located parks with regional stormwater facilities Regional wetland mitigation Habitat creation Passive recreation Aesthetic neighborhood enhancements Photo Area Regulations Multiple regulations to understand Federal, state, and local EPA Stormwater regulations are changing (95th percentile rainfall standard) This will be a significant change for jurisdictions that lack formal flow control design standards Funding Stormwater Utility to collect funding Local Improvement Districts (LIDs) / Utility LID (ULIDs) to raise funding City funding for dedication of open space Real Estate Excise Tax (REET) Parks Levy Parks Mitigation Funding Dedication through Incentives Grants Fee-in-lieu City builds and developers pay into fund Photo Area Trends Consensus Guidelines (look to others) Formalize policies and guidelines Commitment to Maintenance Funding Limitations of traditional infrastructure Need a mix Smart Growth Emphasis Education and Outreach Discussion Session Two: Green Streets Report Card Session Two Overview Pre-Workshop Activity Green Streets Audit Review of the Following Community’s Green Streets Vision/Goals and Reason for Assistance Community’s Green Streets Implementation Tools Community’s Current Green Streets Projects Community’s List of Potential Locations for Future Green Streets Summary Northampton’s Green Streets Vision / Goals and Reason for Assistance Transportation Vision from Northampton Transportation Policies and repeated with slightly different language in the Sustainable Northampton Comprehensive Plan. Vision: “It is the intention of the City of Northampton to have a transportation system that encourages sate and convenient movement of people and goods. Northampton’s transportation system must allow for the safe and efficient transportation of goods and people by automobiles, trucks, and other motorized vehicles and by bicycle and on foot. They City’s transportation system should be a multimodal one that provides many different types of transportation options.” Photo Area Northampton’s Green Streets Vision / Goals and Reason for Assistance Environmental Goal from the Sustainable Northampton Comprehensive Plan. Goals: “Minimize the impacts of infrastructure systems on environmental resources…encourage and enforce low impact development designs…include “low impact” and NPDES drainage improvements concurrent with any pavement management program or project… “Safeguard and improve the quality of the City’s surface waters to ensure use for safe public swimming, recreational fishing activities, boating, and drinking” Photo Area Community’s Green Streets Vision / Goals and Reason for Assistance Complete Street Reasons for Assistance: Northampton does many of the components of Green Streets (especially a complete streets approach and to a lesser extent addressing stormwater) but does not have a single street that can be called a Green Street. There is a desire to move towards this fuller Green Streets approach. Photo Area Northampton’s Green Streets Vision / Goals and Reason for Assistance Main Street Reasons for Assistance: Northampton understands many of the components of Green Streets, but feels the biggest gaps are for sites that are spatially extremely tight. Photo Area Northampton’s Green Streets Vision / Goals and Reason for Assistance Reasons for Assistance: Northampton needs to build political consensus, both internally and externally, on the benefits of green streets, especially as the City starts retrofitting streets and exploring whether a stormwater utility makes sense for the City. Northampton’s Green Streets Vision / Goals and Reason for Assistance Reasons for Assistance: Northampton does a great job of ensuring stormwater control (both quality and quantity) in suburban areas. The City does not do as well in urban areas where real estate is limited and it is not desirable to lose development potential that is necessary for pedestrian-friendly urban critical mass. Photo Area Northampton’s Green Streets Vision / Goals and Reason for Assistance Reasons for Assistance: Northampton understands the qualitative benefits of Green Streets measurements, but needs more quantitative performance data. Northampton’s Existing Green Street Implementation Tools Northampton Subdivision Regulations Chapter 290, Subdivision of Land Mass. Dept. of Environmental Protection Stormwater Handbook Stormwater, Stormwater Policies and Guidance Northampton’s Existing Green Street Implementation Tools City Stormwater Regulations Chapter 281, Stormwater Management City Transportation Policies Transportation Vision and Policies Northampton’s Existing Green Street Implementation Tools Sustainable Northampton Comprehensive Plan Northampton Wetlands Ordinance Chapter 337, Wetlands Protection Northampton’s Existing Green Street Design Tools No Existing Green Streets Have many Components of Green Streets within the City Design Tools by Type: Infiltration strategies Surface Treatment Other opportunities Infiltration Strategies Rain Gardens None on City Streets Rain Gardens/Bio Retention on Some Projects New Senior Center New Private L-3 Keo Facility Problem with Snow Plowed into these Areas Photo Area Infiltration Strategies Curb and Gutter Elimination None on City Streets Vegetated Swales Many private parking lots Small section on North Farms Road Infiltration Trenches Recently constructed Conz Street New Subdivision on Musante Drive Stormwater Planters None on City Streets Photo Area Infiltration Strategies Stormwater Curb Extensions None on City Streets Vegetated Filter Strips Very extensive (for 40 years) for every development in the City and wetlands Applies to all new projects and reconstruction of existing projects Tree Box Filters None Riparian Buffers Very extensive (for 40 years) for every project along a river Applies to all new projects and reconstruction of existing projects Surface Treatment Permeable Paving None on City Facilities Florence Fields (New City Recreation Area) will use for Overflow Parking Some Private Projects Microcal Parking Spaces All current examples use Permeable Block Pavers No examples of Permeable Asphalt or Concrete Concerns about Sand and Maintenance Needs Photo Area Surface Treatment High Albedo Pavement None deliberately For design and durability reasons, push concrete (highly reflective) for downtown and urban sidewalks Recycled Materials None State rail trail uses recycled glass aggregate (glass works its way to surface) Widely viewed as a failure, limiting new efforts A few plastic structures use recycled content – not a deliberate choice Other Opportunities Sand and Organic Filters None used Soil amendments Limited use on streets Conz Street infiltration Swale Used very extensively in drainage retention ponds to increase infiltration rates and catch silt and fine materials Other Opportunities Inlet Protection Devices Used on every construction project Not used after construction phase unless stormceptors are used Artificial wetlands are generally used between new stormwater outlet structures and wetlands and waterways Preservation of Natural Areas The City is extremely aggressive Purchases over 0.5% of the City as natural open space each year Other Opportunities Road Dieting Some limited efforts on the ground Conz Street narrowed lanes Conceptual planning for more aggressive lane drops Main Street and King Street Green Parking Design Every public and private parking lot above certain thresholds is very aggressive about sidewalk and tree plantings Stormwater ranges from innovative to traditional curbs and detention ponds Zoning allows parking lots to be covered with PV (none to date) Photo Area Other Opportunities Native Vegetation Required Used for street trees and many drainage facilities Alternative Street Design Complete streets policy in place and followed aggressively Clear Policy and Strong commitment Some great successes – Elm Street Some projects underway and being improved – South Street Roundabouts – one built and two under design Photo Area Community’s Current Green Streets Projects Location 1 X X (To be filled in prior to Workshop based on results of Respective Community’s Green Streets Audit) Community’s Current Green Streets Projects Location 2 X X (To be filled in prior to Workshop based on results of Respective Community’s Green Streets Audit) Photo Area Community’s Current Green Streets Projects Location 3 X X (To be filled in prior to Workshop based on results of Respective Community’s Green Streets Audit) Photo Area Northampton’s List of Potential Locations for Future Green Streets Location 1: North Street At Market Street & Bridge Street Cemetery About to undergo full depth reconstruction Neighborhood street that carries fair amount of traffic between downtown and industrial park Constrained corridor Photo Area Northampton’s List of Potential Locations for Future Green Streets Location 2: Main Street City Hall/Crackerbarrel Alley/Crafts Avenue Area Heart of pedestrian vibrant downtown Potential road diet and new streetscape park with green drainage strategies Possible new bus transit pulse point “Pavement to Parks” Photo Area Northampton’s List of Potential Locations for Future Green Streets Location 3: Moser Street New residential subdivision street in dense MU development Not retrofit, but discussion about subdivision regulation requirements Excellent Transportation Features Opportunity to explore better drainage/LID options Northampton’s List of Potential Locations for Future Green Streets Location 4: South Street Lyman to Revell Major arterial (Route 10) Front Door to residential neighborhood Aggressive road dieting in future, with possibility to create cycle track Green Streets Report Card Summary Discussion of Northampton’s current efforts, barriers, and implementation of kit of parts Green Streets Report Card Summary Discussion of new practices that could be applicable / implemented within Northampton Green Streets Report Card Summary Identify and discuss locations within Northampton that may be suitable for future implementation of Green Street design solutions Green Streets Report Card Summary Discussion of community’s current efforts, barriers, and implementation of kit of parts relative to nationwide green streets design solutions discussed in Green Streets 101 (To be filled in prior to Workshop based on results of Respective Community’s Green Streets Audit) Photo Area Green Streets Report Card Summary Discussion of new practices that could be applicable / implemented within the community (To be filled in prior to Workshop based on results of Respective Community’s Green Streets Audit) Photo Area Green Streets Report Card Summary Identify and discuss locations within the community that may be suitable for future implementation of Green Street design solutions (To be filled in prior to Workshop based on results of Respective Community’s Green Streets Audit) Photo Area Session Three: Green Streets Implementation Session three Overview Small Group Interactive Exercise Utilize information from previous sessions Explore green streets design solutions for real locations within the community North Street Main Street Moser Street South Street Instructions Break into small groups Select a group leader Assigned a location within the community Provide aerial photos/base maps, site photos, and colored markers Develop a green streets design solution for your site Present your solution back to the large group Green Streets Implementation Small Group Exercise 10:30 to 11:15 Group Presentations 11:15 to 11:45 Session Four: Green Streets Summary Presentation Green Streets Summary Presentation Overview Green Streets Maintenance Green Streets Funding Next Steps Green Streets Maintenance Level of Effort Required Jurisdictional Responsibility Level of Effort Required Bioretention curb extensions, sidewalk planters, trees and tree boxes Annual Maintenance Watering , weeding, and mulching Dependant on climate and vegetation resistance Frequency of landscape maintenance and soil replacement is based on historical data and experience Adequate funding should be established to provide timely and appropriate maintenance Photo Area Source: Downloaded from vip.townnews.com on 3.15.2012 Source: Downloaded from mass.gov on 3.19.2012 Level of Effort Required Permeable Pavements Air sweeper maintenance Traffic volume Regional climate conditions Power washing Unclog upper layer Restore desired infiltration rate Annual infiltration testing and inspection Implement failure replacement procedures where infiltration drops below design level Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.tymco.com on 3.16.2012 Jurisdictional Responsibility In right-of-way Local government entity is responsible for maintenance operations Agreements between local jurisdiction community home owner associations can transfer maintenance responsibilities Outside the right-of-way Homeowners within the local community are responsible for natural drainage system maintenance Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.myballard.com on 3.15.2012 Green Streets Funding Costs and Funding Sources Grants Integrated Approach Additional Resources Costs and Funding Sources Photo Area WERF BMP and LID Whole Life Cost Models: Version 2.0 Set of spreadsheet tools used for life cycle cost automation Identify whole life cost and the combination of capital and ongoing maintenance costs Model Costs Derived from literature Cost-estimating techniques Derived from US stormwater agencies Tool and further Information www.werf.org/i/a/K/Search/ResearchProfile.aspx?ReportId=SW2R08 Source: Downloaded from csupueblotoday.com on 3.15.2012 Funding Sources Photo Area Federal Surface Transportation Bill American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Grants State Transportation Improvement Program Grants “Smart Transportation” Infrastructure improvements Source: Downloaded from csupueblotoday.com on 3.15.2012 Source: Downloaded from Inc.com on 3.19.2012 Grants Energy and Environmental Block Grant (EEBG) Program Funding to Local and state governments Energy efficiency and climate protection strategies Enterprise Green Communities Charrette Grants $5,000/project Aid developers to produce design with green and healthy outcomes Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.smartgrowthamerica.org on 3.15.2012 Integrated Approach Green Highways Partnership Chesapeake Bay Anacostia Green Streets, Green Jobs, Green Towns Initiative (G3 Initiative) G3 Academy Team with the EPA to review and fund eligible projects through multiple sources Combine tools and funding sources to make an impact Photo Area Source: Downloaded from greenhighwayspartnership.org on 3.15.2012 Source: Downloaded from landscapeonline.com on 3.19.2012 Integrated Approach Transportation Reform Funders Group (TRFG) Government and non-government funders interested in the benefits of transportation projects for: Climate Change Economic Development Equity and Opportunity Health Smart Growth America Partners with states and cites to help facilitate effective spending of stimulus money Photo Area Source: Downloaded from 1.bp.blogspot.com on 3.15.2012 Additional Resources Websites www.epa.gov/smartgrowth/greencapitals.htm water.epa.gov/infrastructure/greeninfrastructure www.greenhighwayspartnership.org www.smartgrowthamerica.org www.lowimpactdevelopment.org/greenstreets www.werf.org Photo Area Source: Downloaded from www.urbanitebaltimore.com on 3.15.2012 Source: Downloaded from www.urbanitebaltimore.com on 3.15.2012 Additional Resources Reports EPA. (2009, August). Green Streets: A Conceptual guide to Effective Green Streets Design Solutions. Retrieved March 6, 2012, from EPA: www.epa.gov/greeninfrastructure National Complete Streets Coalition. (n.d.). Sustainable Complete Streets. Retrieved March 6, 2012, from EPA: www.epa.gov/greeninfrastructure Water Environment Research Foundation. (2009). WERF User’s Guide to the BMP and LID Whole Life Cost Models Version 2.0 . Alexandria: Water Environment Research Foundation. Photo Area Source: Downloaded from plannersweb.com on 3.19.2012 Next Steps Discussion Implementation / Policy Change “Lessons learned” Additional Feedback Notes: Photo Area